While conventional models often assume fully dissociated electrolytes, this article presents a one-dimensional mathematical model to explicitly investigate LiPF6 salt dissociation effects on Li+ transport in lithium-ion batteries through a parametric sensitivity analysis following the established theoretical framework of Danilov et al. [1]. The model incorporates diffusion and migration using the Nernst–Planck approach under electroneutrality, excluding convection, serving as an optimized baseline framework to resolve nonlinear LiPF6 dissociation and recombination kinetics. By treating the equilibrium dissociation fraction (δ) as an independent control parameter to simulate varying electrolyte formulations, we examine the dynamic impact of applied currents on lithium-ion and undissociated salt profiles. Results quantitatively show that \(\delta\) between 0.7 and 0.85 ensures efficient ion transport, with \(\delta =0.8\) yielding a nearly uniform distribution and extended discharge time at 0.667 A. Conversely, low dissociation \(\left(\delta \le 0.3\right)\) severely limits ion transport, causing strong concentration gradients at anode/electrolyte and electrolyte/cathode interfaces, leading to premature, incomplete discharge. Furthermore, temporal analysis reveals migration dominates early discharge, with diffusion progressively homogenizing concentrations. Ultimately, this model provides a detailed understanding of dynamic ion transport mechanisms, offering a theoretical quantitative tool to optimize electrolyte conditions and mitigate polarization in high-rate lithium-ion battery performance.
