Current gene panels for female infertility: gaps between evidence and clinical application
摘要
Substantial challenges persist in defining the genetic etiology of female infertility, as new gene–disease associations frequently lack robust validation. This review analyzes the application of recent evidence-based frameworks to female infertility and compares three commercial gene panels. Our analysis revealed minimal overlap, with only 26 genes shared across all panels, indicating a lack of consensus driven more by proprietary criteria than standardized evidence. This discordance may have direct clinical consequences. The inclusion of not-validated or low-evidence genes elevates the risk of incorrect molecular diagnosis, whereas the omission of validated genes can lead to false-negative diagnoses. We conclude that the field requires standardized guidelines and international collaboration to establish a dynamically updated, evidence-based gene list. This is essential for improving diagnostic accuracy, clarifying clinical interpretation, and enabling personalized reproductive medicine.