Enhancing tilapia feed with brown seaweed Padina caulescens for Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) cultured in biofloc systems
摘要
The biofloc technology shows great capacity to recycle nutrients and generate feed for Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp in culture. In this research, we evaluated the use of tilapia feed and Padina caulescens for biofloc cultured L. vannamei shrimp. Four treatments were assessed: T1) commercial shrimp feed 35% protein as control, T2) commercial tilapia feed 25% protein + fresh P. caulescens 14.7% protein, T3) fresh P. caulescens 14.7% protein, and T4) commercial tilapia feed 25% protein. Water quality, density of Schizochytrium sp., Vibrio spp., lactic acid bacteria, and shrimp production parameters were evaluated during 70 days of culture. The highest changes in density of Schizochytrium sp. were observed at the end of the culture, a wide range from 845 × 103 (T2) to 2 191 × 103 cells mL−1 (T1), Vibrio spp. ranged from 1.1 (T2) to 99.9 × 103 CFU mL−1(T4), lactic acid bacteria ranged from 0 (T1 and T3) to 8.11 × 103 CFU mL−1 (T2). The water quality was maintained at suitable levels for this species. The results showed that the shrimp under T1 and T3 treatment survival rates of 70% and 85%, feed conversion rates of 1.2 and 0.4, and weight gains of 0.7 g and 1.02 g, respectively. We can conclude that using P. caulescens with tilapia feed yields favorable results and is a feasible alternative to balanced feed for the first 70 days of the L. vannamei in biofloc systems.