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<p>The marine planktonic diatom genus <i>Corethron</i> has predominantly been studied for its growth responses to environmental factors. However, research on the effects of nutrient salts on its growth, total lipid content, and fatty acid composition, as well as scalable cultivation and comprehensive utilization, remains limited. This study investigated the impacts of nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, and silicon forms and concentrations on&#xa0;the&#xa0;growth and lipid biosynthesis of <i>Corethron</i> sp. Single-factor experiments established the optimal culture conditions as follows: Nitrogen source is NaNO<sub>2</sub> at a concentration of 20&#xa0;g L⁻<sup>1</sup>, phosphorus source is KH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> at a concentration of 1&#xa0;g L⁻<sup>1</sup>, iron source is FeC<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>O<sub>7</sub> at a concentration of 0.1&#xa0;g L⁻<sup>1</sup>, and silicon source is Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> at a concentration of 10&#xa0;g L⁻<sup>1</sup>. Comparative experiments using two nutrient salt formulations showed that the modified stock solution significantly enhanced total lipid content by 16.6% (20.12 ± 0.885% vs. 17.25 ± 0.25%), with a 28.3% increase in maximum cell density. Furthermore, the specific growth rate μ from day 5 to day 11 was significantly higher than that in Ningbo University’s #3 basal medium, with no significant difference in biomass production. The modified stock solution reduced the proportion of saturated fatty acids (SFA) by 7.6% (39.89 ± 1.01% vs. 42.91 ± 1.30%), the monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) was significantly lower than that of Ningbo University’s #3 basal medium (13.25 ± 0.40 vs. 25.56 ± 0.68), while the total content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) increased by 48.62% (46.86 ± 0.84% vs. 31.53 ± 0.52%), particularly the content of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) increased significantly by 37.85% (24.71 ± 1.62% vs. 17.94 ± 1.08%). These findings demonstrate that the pivotal role of nutrient forms and concentrations in regulating lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid profiles in diatoms, providing a theoretical foundation for the sustainable cultivation of marine diatoms and the development of high-value bioproducts.</p>

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Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, and silicon on the growth, total lipid content, and fatty acid composition of the diatom Corethron sp.

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月11日

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  • Maoyingzang Peng,
  • Pingping Liu,
  • Ruibing Peng,
  • Xiamin Jiang,
  • Sheng Li,
  • Maowang Jiang

摘要

The marine planktonic diatom genus Corethron has predominantly been studied for its growth responses to environmental factors. However, research on the effects of nutrient salts on its growth, total lipid content, and fatty acid composition, as well as scalable cultivation and comprehensive utilization, remains limited. This study investigated the impacts of nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, and silicon forms and concentrations on the growth and lipid biosynthesis of Corethron sp. Single-factor experiments established the optimal culture conditions as follows: Nitrogen source is NaNO2 at a concentration of 20 g L⁻1, phosphorus source is KH2PO4 at a concentration of 1 g L⁻1, iron source is FeC6H5O7 at a concentration of 0.1 g L⁻1, and silicon source is Na2SiO3 at a concentration of 10 g L⁻1. Comparative experiments using two nutrient salt formulations showed that the modified stock solution significantly enhanced total lipid content by 16.6% (20.12 ± 0.885% vs. 17.25 ± 0.25%), with a 28.3% increase in maximum cell density. Furthermore, the specific growth rate μ from day 5 to day 11 was significantly higher than that in Ningbo University’s #3 basal medium, with no significant difference in biomass production. The modified stock solution reduced the proportion of saturated fatty acids (SFA) by 7.6% (39.89 ± 1.01% vs. 42.91 ± 1.30%), the monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) was significantly lower than that of Ningbo University’s #3 basal medium (13.25 ± 0.40 vs. 25.56 ± 0.68), while the total content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) increased by 48.62% (46.86 ± 0.84% vs. 31.53 ± 0.52%), particularly the content of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) increased significantly by 37.85% (24.71 ± 1.62% vs. 17.94 ± 1.08%). These findings demonstrate that the pivotal role of nutrient forms and concentrations in regulating lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid profiles in diatoms, providing a theoretical foundation for the sustainable cultivation of marine diatoms and the development of high-value bioproducts.