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<p>This study evaluated the effects of the green microalga <i>Coccomyxa onubensis</i> on growth performance, water quality, haematological parameters, and disease resistance against <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i> in long whiskers catfish (<i>Mystus gulio</i>) over a 75-day feeding trial. The microalga was incorporated into the fish diet as a partial replacement for conventional ingredients such as fish meal, soybean meal, rice polish, wheat flour, and mustard oil cake. Five diets were tested in triplicate: a commercial feed, a control diet without <i>C. onubensis</i>, and three experimental diets with T1 (5%), T2 (10%), and T3 (15%) inclusion levels. Fries were stocked at 1 fish L<sup>−1</sup> and fed twice daily at 5% body weight. Results showed that fish fed diets with 10% and 15% <i>C. onubensis</i> (T2 and T3) had significantly higher final weights (0.88 ± 0.01&#xa0;g and 0.89 ± 0.01&#xa0;g, respectively) than those fed the commercial diet (0.57 ± 0.03&#xa0;g; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). Feed conversion ratios were significantly improved in T2 (2.04 ± 0.05) and T3 (2.19 ± 0.04) compared to control and commercial diets (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). The T3 group demonstrated the highest survival rate (80.95%), increased hemoglobin (2.37 ± 0.25&#xa0;g dL<sup>−1</sup>), and red blood cell counts (0.56 ± 0.02 × 10<sup>6</sup> µL<sup>−1</sup>). Additionally, T3 showed significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) lower triglyceride and cholesterol levels and the lowest mortality (36.66%) after bacterial challenge. These findings suggest that a 15% inclusion of <i>C. onubensis</i> enhances growth, physiological health, and disease resistance in <i>M. gulio</i>, supporting its potential application for sustainable aquaculture.</p>

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Revolutionizing aquafeeds: Enhancing growth and immunity in Mystus gulio with Coccomyxa onubensis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月6日

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  • Subeda Newase,
  • Mahima Ranjan Acharjee,
  • Mohammad Ekramul Haque,
  • Sifatun Nur,
  • Trina Das,
  • Sadia Afrin,
  • Razia Sultana,
  • Helena Khatoon

摘要

This study evaluated the effects of the green microalga Coccomyxa onubensis on growth performance, water quality, haematological parameters, and disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila in long whiskers catfish (Mystus gulio) over a 75-day feeding trial. The microalga was incorporated into the fish diet as a partial replacement for conventional ingredients such as fish meal, soybean meal, rice polish, wheat flour, and mustard oil cake. Five diets were tested in triplicate: a commercial feed, a control diet without C. onubensis, and three experimental diets with T1 (5%), T2 (10%), and T3 (15%) inclusion levels. Fries were stocked at 1 fish L−1 and fed twice daily at 5% body weight. Results showed that fish fed diets with 10% and 15% C. onubensis (T2 and T3) had significantly higher final weights (0.88 ± 0.01 g and 0.89 ± 0.01 g, respectively) than those fed the commercial diet (0.57 ± 0.03 g; P < 0.001). Feed conversion ratios were significantly improved in T2 (2.04 ± 0.05) and T3 (2.19 ± 0.04) compared to control and commercial diets (P < 0.001). The T3 group demonstrated the highest survival rate (80.95%), increased hemoglobin (2.37 ± 0.25 g dL−1), and red blood cell counts (0.56 ± 0.02 × 106 µL−1). Additionally, T3 showed significantly (P < 0.05) lower triglyceride and cholesterol levels and the lowest mortality (36.66%) after bacterial challenge. These findings suggest that a 15% inclusion of C. onubensis enhances growth, physiological health, and disease resistance in M. gulio, supporting its potential application for sustainable aquaculture.