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<p>The integration of microalgae and higher plants in co-cultivation systems offers a promising approach to sustainable agriculture and circular bioeconomy. This study investigated the effects of varying blue LED light/dark (L/D) photoperiods (24/0, 16/8, 12/12, and 8/16&#xa0;h) on the co-cultivation of <i>Chlorella</i> sp. G049 and lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> L. var. <i>longifolia</i>) in a hydroponic system. The growth of both organisms, along with microalgal lipid content, fatty acid composition, and nutritional lipid indices, was evaluated over three consecutive 7-day cultivation cycles. Results showed that the 16/8 photoperiod maximized microalgal biomass, while 12/12 and 24/0 cycles enhanced lipid accumulation. Lettuce dry biomass and root growth were significantly improved under co-cultivation, particularly with the 12/12 cycle. Fatty acid profiles were dominated by C16–C18 chains, with light regimes influencing saturation levels—continuous and shorter photoperiods enhanced unsaturation, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Nutritional indices such as PUFA/SFA ratio, atherogenicity index, and unsaturation index were favorably modulated by photoperiod, with 8/16 and 24/0 cycles yielding the highest nutritional quality. These findings demonstrate that photoperiod optimization is a key strategy for improving biomass productivity and lipid quality in integrated hydroponic-algal systems, advancing their application in circular and sustainable agriculture.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Integrating controlled blue LED lighting strategies for hydroponic co-cultivation of lettuce and Chlorella sp.: advancing circular agriculture with nutritional benefits

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月11日

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  • Apiwit Kamngoen,
  • Antira Wichaphian,
  • Jeeraporn Pekkoh,
  • Benjamas Cheirsilp,
  • Naveen Kumar Sharma,
  • Piroonporn Srimongkol,
  • Wageeporn Maneechote,
  • Sirasit Srinuanpan

摘要

The integration of microalgae and higher plants in co-cultivation systems offers a promising approach to sustainable agriculture and circular bioeconomy. This study investigated the effects of varying blue LED light/dark (L/D) photoperiods (24/0, 16/8, 12/12, and 8/16 h) on the co-cultivation of Chlorella sp. G049 and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia) in a hydroponic system. The growth of both organisms, along with microalgal lipid content, fatty acid composition, and nutritional lipid indices, was evaluated over three consecutive 7-day cultivation cycles. Results showed that the 16/8 photoperiod maximized microalgal biomass, while 12/12 and 24/0 cycles enhanced lipid accumulation. Lettuce dry biomass and root growth were significantly improved under co-cultivation, particularly with the 12/12 cycle. Fatty acid profiles were dominated by C16–C18 chains, with light regimes influencing saturation levels—continuous and shorter photoperiods enhanced unsaturation, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Nutritional indices such as PUFA/SFA ratio, atherogenicity index, and unsaturation index were favorably modulated by photoperiod, with 8/16 and 24/0 cycles yielding the highest nutritional quality. These findings demonstrate that photoperiod optimization is a key strategy for improving biomass productivity and lipid quality in integrated hydroponic-algal systems, advancing their application in circular and sustainable agriculture.

Graphical Abstract