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<p><i>Ericaria amentacea</i> (formerly <i>Cystoseira stricta</i>), a brown macroalga, is a promising marine resource rich in phenolic compounds with potent antioxidant properties. For the first time in this study, an efficient extraction process was developed using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and green solvent. A natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES), composed of choline chloride and glucose in a 2:1 molar ratio, was used in the extraction process. The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), considering key parameters such as extraction time, temperature, ultrasound power, and different water contents in the NADES, aiming to maximize total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity. The optimal extraction conditions, including extraction time of 40&#xa0;min, temperature of 60&#xa0;°C, ultrasound power of 120 W, and 35% water content, resulted in a maximum TPC of ≈13.6&#xa0;mg GAE per gram of extract and an IC<sub>50</sub> value of ≈8.4 μg&#xa0;mL<sup>−1</sup>. The extraction yield in one step is equivalent to 70.2% of TPC in the raw macroalga biomass, indicating the high efficiency of the optimized extraction system. The solid-to-solvent ratio (0.1&#xa0;g&#xa0;mL<sup>−1</sup>) was kept constant throughout the experiments. Furthermore, LC–MS analysis identified several major phenolic compounds in the extract, highlighting the efficiency of the method. Analysis of the seaweed <i>E. amentacea</i> revealed significant antioxidant potential and a high phenolic content. Based on TPC, antioxidant activity, and physicochemical properties of the extracts, UAE using NADES proved to be a sustainable and efficient method for extracting bioactive compounds, with promising applications in the pharmaceutical and food industries.</p>

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Green ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from the brown alga Ericaria amentacea using natural deep eutectic solvent: process optimization by response surface methodology

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月17日

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  • Rozita Asgari,
  • Mania Salehifar,
  • Shahla Shahriari,
  • Toktam Mostaghim,
  • Zahra Piravi-Vanak

摘要

Ericaria amentacea (formerly Cystoseira stricta), a brown macroalga, is a promising marine resource rich in phenolic compounds with potent antioxidant properties. For the first time in this study, an efficient extraction process was developed using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and green solvent. A natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES), composed of choline chloride and glucose in a 2:1 molar ratio, was used in the extraction process. The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), considering key parameters such as extraction time, temperature, ultrasound power, and different water contents in the NADES, aiming to maximize total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity. The optimal extraction conditions, including extraction time of 40 min, temperature of 60 °C, ultrasound power of 120 W, and 35% water content, resulted in a maximum TPC of ≈13.6 mg GAE per gram of extract and an IC50 value of ≈8.4 μg mL−1. The extraction yield in one step is equivalent to 70.2% of TPC in the raw macroalga biomass, indicating the high efficiency of the optimized extraction system. The solid-to-solvent ratio (0.1 g mL−1) was kept constant throughout the experiments. Furthermore, LC–MS analysis identified several major phenolic compounds in the extract, highlighting the efficiency of the method. Analysis of the seaweed E. amentacea revealed significant antioxidant potential and a high phenolic content. Based on TPC, antioxidant activity, and physicochemical properties of the extracts, UAE using NADES proved to be a sustainable and efficient method for extracting bioactive compounds, with promising applications in the pharmaceutical and food industries.