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Objective <p>The amygdala and hippocampus play a critical role in socio-emotional and cognitive processes. This meta-analysis aimed to systematically evaluate volumetric differences in the amygdala and hippocampus in ASD compared with non-autistic controls.</p> Methods <p>A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Forty studies were included in the meta-analysis, with 34 contributing data for the right amygdala, 35 for the left amygdala, 23 for the right hippocampus, and 24 for the left hippocampus.</p> Results <p>The meta-analysis indicated that individuals with ASD exhibited significantly larger volumes in the right amygdala (MD = 0.09&#xa0;cm<sup>3</sup>, 95% CI [0.03, 0.15]; I<sup>2</sup> = 94.87%; Z = 2.99; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; Cohen’s d = 0.30), left amygdala (MD = 0.07&#xa0;cm<sup>3</sup>, 95% CI [0.02, 0.11]; I<sup>2</sup> = 90.99%; Z = 2.91; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; Cohen’s d = 0.24), and left hippocampus (MD = 0.13&#xa0;cm<sup>3</sup>, 95% CI [0.00, 0.26]; I<sup>2</sup> = 95.31%; Z = 2.02; <i>p</i> = 0.04; Cohen’s d = 0.44). No significant difference was observed in right hippocampal volume (MD = 0.10&#xa0;cm<sup>3</sup>, 95% CI [–0.04, 0.23]; I<sup>2</sup> = 95.23%; Z = 1.40; <i>p</i> = 0.16; Cohen’s d = 0.35). Egger’s regression test indicated potential publication bias for both left (<i>p</i> = 0.0146) and right amygdala volumes (<i>p</i> = 0.0056).</p> Conclusion <p>The current findings reveal significant volumetric increases in the bilateral amygdala and left hippocampus in ASD. However, given the high heterogeneity and potential publication bias, these findings should be interpreted as preliminary group-level neuroanatomical differences.</p>

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Alterations in Amygdala and Hippocampal Volumes in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Meta-analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月2日

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  • Yasemin Deniz,
  • Alfa Zamrotin Malaniale Maidi,
  • Sun-Joung Leigh An,
  • Yonggeun Hong

摘要

Objective

The amygdala and hippocampus play a critical role in socio-emotional and cognitive processes. This meta-analysis aimed to systematically evaluate volumetric differences in the amygdala and hippocampus in ASD compared with non-autistic controls.

Methods

A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Forty studies were included in the meta-analysis, with 34 contributing data for the right amygdala, 35 for the left amygdala, 23 for the right hippocampus, and 24 for the left hippocampus.

Results

The meta-analysis indicated that individuals with ASD exhibited significantly larger volumes in the right amygdala (MD = 0.09 cm3, 95% CI [0.03, 0.15]; I2 = 94.87%; Z = 2.99; p < 0.001; Cohen’s d = 0.30), left amygdala (MD = 0.07 cm3, 95% CI [0.02, 0.11]; I2 = 90.99%; Z = 2.91; p < 0.001; Cohen’s d = 0.24), and left hippocampus (MD = 0.13 cm3, 95% CI [0.00, 0.26]; I2 = 95.31%; Z = 2.02; p = 0.04; Cohen’s d = 0.44). No significant difference was observed in right hippocampal volume (MD = 0.10 cm3, 95% CI [–0.04, 0.23]; I2 = 95.23%; Z = 1.40; p = 0.16; Cohen’s d = 0.35). Egger’s regression test indicated potential publication bias for both left (p = 0.0146) and right amygdala volumes (p = 0.0056).

Conclusion

The current findings reveal significant volumetric increases in the bilateral amygdala and left hippocampus in ASD. However, given the high heterogeneity and potential publication bias, these findings should be interpreted as preliminary group-level neuroanatomical differences.