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Purpose <p>Atypical visual exploration is widely reported in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yet little is known about how chromatic properties modulate oculomotor behaviour. This study aims to address this problem.</p> Methods <p>We recorded eye movements from 34 children with ASD (6–16 y) and 40 age-matched typically developing (TD) peers while they viewed six picture sets that independently manipulated hue, luminance and saturation. Nine eye-movement metrics were extracted per task and analysed with mixed-effects ANOVAs; false-discovery-rate control (q = .05) and Holm–Bonferroni corrections were applied across 54 planned tests.</p> Results <p>Across all tasks, the ASD group showed a 29% reduction in total fixation time (F = 11.13, q &lt; .001; <i>p</i><sub>Holm</sub> &lt; .001†), a 19% reduction in fixation count (F = 5.88, q = .027), and 42% fewer saccades (F = 16.06, q &lt; .001; <i>p</i><sub>Holm</sub> &lt; .001†). Individual fixations were shorter (F = 8.40, q &lt; .001; <i>p</i><sub>Holm</sub> &lt; .001†). These differences generalised across all areas of interest. Stimulus-specific analyses revealed that highly saturated images amplified group differences in fixation metrics, whereas hue and luminance manipulations produced parallel but smaller effects.</p> Conclusions <p>Children with ASD allocate less dwell time and execute fewer, briefer fixations and saccades, especially when stimuli are highly saturated. Because effects persisted after stringent multiple-comparison correction and were independent of pupil size, they likely reflect how brightness changes guide eye movements and moment-to-moment arousal.</p>

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Bright Lights, Silent Signals: Colour-Specific Attention–Arousal Decoupling in Autistic Children Revealed by Eye-Tracking and Pupillometry

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月4日

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  • Wenting Jiang,
  • Fangqing Liu

摘要

Purpose

Atypical visual exploration is widely reported in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yet little is known about how chromatic properties modulate oculomotor behaviour. This study aims to address this problem.

Methods

We recorded eye movements from 34 children with ASD (6–16 y) and 40 age-matched typically developing (TD) peers while they viewed six picture sets that independently manipulated hue, luminance and saturation. Nine eye-movement metrics were extracted per task and analysed with mixed-effects ANOVAs; false-discovery-rate control (q = .05) and Holm–Bonferroni corrections were applied across 54 planned tests.

Results

Across all tasks, the ASD group showed a 29% reduction in total fixation time (F = 11.13, q < .001; pHolm < .001†), a 19% reduction in fixation count (F = 5.88, q = .027), and 42% fewer saccades (F = 16.06, q < .001; pHolm < .001†). Individual fixations were shorter (F = 8.40, q < .001; pHolm < .001†). These differences generalised across all areas of interest. Stimulus-specific analyses revealed that highly saturated images amplified group differences in fixation metrics, whereas hue and luminance manipulations produced parallel but smaller effects.

Conclusions

Children with ASD allocate less dwell time and execute fewer, briefer fixations and saccades, especially when stimuli are highly saturated. Because effects persisted after stringent multiple-comparison correction and were independent of pupil size, they likely reflect how brightness changes guide eye movements and moment-to-moment arousal.