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<p>Developing a novel green bismuth ferrite using <i>Prunus dulcis</i> leaf extract for detection of the cadmium ion from aqueous environment. Optical properties of green bismuth ferrite showed an absorption edge at about 630&#xa0;nm and band gap energy of 2.1&#xa0;eV. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy absorption peak at 466&#xa0;cm⁻¹ corresponds to iron-oxygen-iron bending vibration, and 536&#xa0;cm⁻¹ is the stretching vibration of iron-oxygen, which is a characteristic peak of green bismuth ferrite. X-Ray Diffraction data confirmed the distorted rhombohedral symmetry of the perovskite green bismuth ferrite crystalline phase with rhombohedrally-centered trigonal space group. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis confirmed that the green synthesized bismuth ferrite nanomaterial possessed mesoporous with surface area of 8.21 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>. A morphology study showed an irregular rod/plate-like structure with well-defined grain boundaries, and the presence of iron and bismuth elements further confirmed the formation of a pure phase. Interplanar spacing at 0.39&#xa0;nm, 0.28&#xa0;nm, and 0.27&#xa0;nm, corresponding to the (hkl) planes of (012), (104), and (110) respectively. The Selected Area Electron Diffraction study showed that bright spots confirmed the formation of a pure crystalline phase. Furthermore, electrochemical characterization study showed 5-fold increase in active surface area and reduction in charge transfer resistance compared to bare glassy carbon electrode. The Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry shows detection of cadmium ion with limit of detection of 0.07&#xa0;µg L<sup>−1</sup>. In presence of interfering ions, there is no interference for the detection of cadmium ion. A stability and repeatability study showed that it maintained the percent relative standard deviation value of 2.24%. A real matrix study concluded that the green bismuth ferrite/nafion/glassy carbon electrode showed practical application in determining cadmium ion with 100% recovery percentage. An antibacterial inhibition study showed nanomaterial recorded a 21&#xa0;mm inhibition zone against <i>S. aureus</i> with potential application in water treatment technology.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Biogenic bismuth ferrite nanomaterial: cadmium ion sensing and antibacterial agent

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月15日

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  • Lucy N. Ngullie,
  • Robert Xavier,
  • Pazhuni Pfote,
  • Temsurenla Jamir,
  • S. Sarikokba

摘要

Developing a novel green bismuth ferrite using Prunus dulcis leaf extract for detection of the cadmium ion from aqueous environment. Optical properties of green bismuth ferrite showed an absorption edge at about 630 nm and band gap energy of 2.1 eV. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy absorption peak at 466 cm⁻¹ corresponds to iron-oxygen-iron bending vibration, and 536 cm⁻¹ is the stretching vibration of iron-oxygen, which is a characteristic peak of green bismuth ferrite. X-Ray Diffraction data confirmed the distorted rhombohedral symmetry of the perovskite green bismuth ferrite crystalline phase with rhombohedrally-centered trigonal space group. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis confirmed that the green synthesized bismuth ferrite nanomaterial possessed mesoporous with surface area of 8.21 m2 g−1. A morphology study showed an irregular rod/plate-like structure with well-defined grain boundaries, and the presence of iron and bismuth elements further confirmed the formation of a pure phase. Interplanar spacing at 0.39 nm, 0.28 nm, and 0.27 nm, corresponding to the (hkl) planes of (012), (104), and (110) respectively. The Selected Area Electron Diffraction study showed that bright spots confirmed the formation of a pure crystalline phase. Furthermore, electrochemical characterization study showed 5-fold increase in active surface area and reduction in charge transfer resistance compared to bare glassy carbon electrode. The Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry shows detection of cadmium ion with limit of detection of 0.07 µg L−1. In presence of interfering ions, there is no interference for the detection of cadmium ion. A stability and repeatability study showed that it maintained the percent relative standard deviation value of 2.24%. A real matrix study concluded that the green bismuth ferrite/nafion/glassy carbon electrode showed practical application in determining cadmium ion with 100% recovery percentage. An antibacterial inhibition study showed nanomaterial recorded a 21 mm inhibition zone against S. aureus with potential application in water treatment technology.

Graphical Abstract