Scholarlink

<p>A green synthesis approach was utilized to prepare indium iron oxide (InFeO<sub>3</sub>) nanocomposites using coffee extract as a reducing and capping agent. The structural, morphological, optical, and electrochemical properties of the synthesized materials were systematically characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), high-resolution electron microscopy (HRTEM/HRSEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV–Vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and Mössbauer spectroscopy. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of a rhombohedral InFeO<sub>3</sub> structure with an average crystallite size of 27&#xa0;nm, while HRTEM revealed spherical nanoparticles with partial agglomeration. SAXS and HRTEM data corroborated the nanoscale dimensions, with particle sizes ranging from 24 to 38&#xa0;nm. Optical studies demonstrated a reduced bandgap (2.85&#xa0;eV) for the composite compared to pure In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (3.3&#xa0;eV) and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (3.15&#xa0;eV), attributed to charge transfer transitions between Fe<sup>3+</sup> and In<sup>3+</sup>. The nanocomposite exhibited enhanced magnetic properties, with a saturation magnetization (Ms) of 18.48&#xa0;emu/g, and Mössbauer spectroscopy revealed disrupted super-exchange interactions due to In<sup>3+</sup> incorporation. Electrochemical analysis showed superior performance of the InFeO<sub>3</sub>-modified electrode, characterized by a higher diffusion coefficient (9.72 × 10<sup>–5</sup> cm<sup>2</sup>&#xa0;s<sup>−1</sup>) and surface concentration (4.62 × 10<sup>–7</sup>&#xa0;mol&#xa0;cm<sup>−2</sup>) compared to individual oxides, indicating improved charge transfer kinetics. These results highlight the potential of green-synthesized InFeO<sub>3</sub> as a promising material for electrochemical sensing applications, combining sustainability with enhanced functional properties.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Green synthesis, XRD/SAXS modelling and electrochemistry of indium iron oxide nanocomposite

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月17日

查看全文
  • Nokwanda Precious Ngema,
  • Usisipho Feleni,
  • Ziyanda Tshobeni,
  • Jaymi January,
  • Takalani Mulaudzi,
  • Emmanuel Iwuoha,
  • Rachel Fanelwa Ngece-Ajayi

摘要

A green synthesis approach was utilized to prepare indium iron oxide (InFeO3) nanocomposites using coffee extract as a reducing and capping agent. The structural, morphological, optical, and electrochemical properties of the synthesized materials were systematically characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), high-resolution electron microscopy (HRTEM/HRSEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV–Vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and Mössbauer spectroscopy. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of a rhombohedral InFeO3 structure with an average crystallite size of 27 nm, while HRTEM revealed spherical nanoparticles with partial agglomeration. SAXS and HRTEM data corroborated the nanoscale dimensions, with particle sizes ranging from 24 to 38 nm. Optical studies demonstrated a reduced bandgap (2.85 eV) for the composite compared to pure In2O3 (3.3 eV) and Fe2O3 (3.15 eV), attributed to charge transfer transitions between Fe3+ and In3+. The nanocomposite exhibited enhanced magnetic properties, with a saturation magnetization (Ms) of 18.48 emu/g, and Mössbauer spectroscopy revealed disrupted super-exchange interactions due to In3+ incorporation. Electrochemical analysis showed superior performance of the InFeO3-modified electrode, characterized by a higher diffusion coefficient (9.72 × 10–5 cm2 s−1) and surface concentration (4.62 × 10–7 mol cm−2) compared to individual oxides, indicating improved charge transfer kinetics. These results highlight the potential of green-synthesized InFeO3 as a promising material for electrochemical sensing applications, combining sustainability with enhanced functional properties.

Graphical abstract