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<p>Water management in fuel cell vehicles emerges as a critical bottleneck. The electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) is commonly used during the development of vehicular fuel cell systems to diagnose the internal state of the fuel cells. However, studies focusing on on-board impedance measurement devices for high-power vehicular fuel cell systems were limited. This research introduced a novel alternating current (AC) excitation module capable of delivering disturbance signals across a wide frequency range (1~1000&#xa0;Hz) directly, addressing the need for accurate in-situ impedance measurement. The instruments integrated an auxiliary direct current to direct current (DC/DC) converter to modulate the AC excitation signals, enhancing the precision and adaptability of the impedance measurements under various operational conditions. The hardware circuit and calculation method for the impedance measurement module were detailed. Additionally, this paper analyzed the operating characteristics of the fuel cell's DC/DC converter in conjunction with the AC excitation module. Rigorous testing validated the self-developed devices, confirming their consistency with standard instruments. The effectiveness of the EIS measurement device underscores its potential to significantly enhance the reliability and efficiency of fuel cell electric vehicles by providing robust tools for performance monitoring and fault diagnosis.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Development of onboard multi-frequency impedance spectrum measurement device for high-power vehicular fuel cell system

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月15日

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  • Tiancai Ma,
  • Naiyuan Yao,
  • Yanbo Yang,
  • Ruitao Li,
  • Jinxuan Qi,
  • Weikang Lin

摘要

Water management in fuel cell vehicles emerges as a critical bottleneck. The electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) is commonly used during the development of vehicular fuel cell systems to diagnose the internal state of the fuel cells. However, studies focusing on on-board impedance measurement devices for high-power vehicular fuel cell systems were limited. This research introduced a novel alternating current (AC) excitation module capable of delivering disturbance signals across a wide frequency range (1~1000 Hz) directly, addressing the need for accurate in-situ impedance measurement. The instruments integrated an auxiliary direct current to direct current (DC/DC) converter to modulate the AC excitation signals, enhancing the precision and adaptability of the impedance measurements under various operational conditions. The hardware circuit and calculation method for the impedance measurement module were detailed. Additionally, this paper analyzed the operating characteristics of the fuel cell's DC/DC converter in conjunction with the AC excitation module. Rigorous testing validated the self-developed devices, confirming their consistency with standard instruments. The effectiveness of the EIS measurement device underscores its potential to significantly enhance the reliability and efficiency of fuel cell electric vehicles by providing robust tools for performance monitoring and fault diagnosis.

Graphical abstract