<p>I examine the roots of a recent move away from the post-war social democratic consensus on a predominant role for post-market tax and transfer redistribution, towards transforming the pre-market distribution of income earning capabilities (predistribution). This shift from redistribution to predistribution is underpinned by arguments highlighting (i) incentive costs of redistribution, (ii) the greater moral legitimacy of predistribution and (iii) political economy preference for predistribution. These arguments need to be examined closely on conceptual, empirical and policy grounds and, when this is done, I believe that the case for robust redistribution remains as strong as ever.</p>