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Background <p>Infectious keratitis is a major cause of corneal blindness, with bacterial keratitis particularly prevalent in tropical, agriculture-dominant regions such as Southern Vietnam.</p> Purposes <p>To identify the demographic characteristics, risk factors, clinical features, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacteria isolated from patients with corneal ulceration.</p> Methods <p>A case series was conducted involving patients who presented to the Cornea Department of Ho Chi Minh City Eye Hospital between November 2020 and October 2021.</p> Results <p>A total of ninety-nine cases of bacterial keratitis were documented. The mean age of the patients was 48.2 ± 15.3&#xa0;years. Most participants were male, and the majority were cultivators (30.3%). Meibomian gland dysfunction was the most frequent predisposing factor (57.6%), followed by ocular trauma (52.5%) and diabetes mellitus (16.2%). The mean duration from symptom onset to presentation was 4.1 ± 3.1&#xa0;days; however, patients with <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> keratitis presented significantly earlier (2.8 ± 1.6&#xa0;days) than those with other bacterial infections. The most commonly isolated organisms were <i>coagulase-negative Staphylococcus</i> (57.6%) and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (21.2%). <i>Staphylococcus spp.</i> keratitis was significantly associated with peripheral infiltration, shallow stromal involvement, and absence of hypopyon. In contrast, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> keratitis was strongly associated with eyelid edema, conjunctival edema, central infiltration, deep stromal involvement, stromal melting, ring infiltrate, retrocorneal plaque, hypopyon &gt; 1&#xa0;mm, and fibrin formation in the anterior chamber. The majority of <i>coagulase-negative Staphylococcus</i> isolates were susceptible to vancomycin (90–100%). <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> isolates were highly susceptible to tobramycin (100%) and levofloxacin (95.0%), whereas none were susceptible to moxifloxacin. The proportions of multidrug-resistant isolates among <i>coagulase-negative Staphylococcus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> were 68.4% and 85.7%, respectively.</p> Conclusion <p>Multidrug-resistant strains among <i>coagulase-negative Staphylococcus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> were notably prevalent. Our study provides valuable insights into the clinical and microbiological patterns of bacterial keratitis, which guide antibiotic selection and management.</p>

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Clinical characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacterial keratitis in the South of Vietnam

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月28日

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  • Mai Nguyen Thi Truc,
  • Huy Tran Ngoc,
  • Phuc Nguyen Huynh,
  • Simon Fung,
  • Huan Pham Nguyen,
  • Vinh Lam Minh,
  • Thu Vu Thi Viet,
  • Huong Duong Nguyen Viet

摘要

Background

Infectious keratitis is a major cause of corneal blindness, with bacterial keratitis particularly prevalent in tropical, agriculture-dominant regions such as Southern Vietnam.

Purposes

To identify the demographic characteristics, risk factors, clinical features, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacteria isolated from patients with corneal ulceration.

Methods

A case series was conducted involving patients who presented to the Cornea Department of Ho Chi Minh City Eye Hospital between November 2020 and October 2021.

Results

A total of ninety-nine cases of bacterial keratitis were documented. The mean age of the patients was 48.2 ± 15.3 years. Most participants were male, and the majority were cultivators (30.3%). Meibomian gland dysfunction was the most frequent predisposing factor (57.6%), followed by ocular trauma (52.5%) and diabetes mellitus (16.2%). The mean duration from symptom onset to presentation was 4.1 ± 3.1 days; however, patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis presented significantly earlier (2.8 ± 1.6 days) than those with other bacterial infections. The most commonly isolated organisms were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (57.6%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (21.2%). Staphylococcus spp. keratitis was significantly associated with peripheral infiltration, shallow stromal involvement, and absence of hypopyon. In contrast, Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis was strongly associated with eyelid edema, conjunctival edema, central infiltration, deep stromal involvement, stromal melting, ring infiltrate, retrocorneal plaque, hypopyon > 1 mm, and fibrin formation in the anterior chamber. The majority of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus isolates were susceptible to vancomycin (90–100%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were highly susceptible to tobramycin (100%) and levofloxacin (95.0%), whereas none were susceptible to moxifloxacin. The proportions of multidrug-resistant isolates among coagulase-negative Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 68.4% and 85.7%, respectively.

Conclusion

Multidrug-resistant strains among coagulase-negative Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were notably prevalent. Our study provides valuable insights into the clinical and microbiological patterns of bacterial keratitis, which guide antibiotic selection and management.