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<p>Cardamonin (2’,4’-dihydroxy-6’-methoxychalcone) is a naturally occurring chalcone primarily isolated from <i>Boesenbergia rotunda</i> and <i>Alpinia</i> species, which has gained considerable attention for its diverse pharmacological properties. This comprehensive review examines the preclinical evidence supporting cardamonin’s therapeutic potential in metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular complications, and related disorders. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that cardamonin exerts anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and metabolic regulatory effects through modulation of key signaling pathways including NF-κB, Nrf2, AMPK, mTOR, and PPAR pathways. In obesity models, cardamonin suppresses lipogenesis and promotes browning of adipocytes via PKA-mediated mechanisms. In diabetes, it enhances glucose uptake through GLUT4 translocation and improves insulin sensitivity by inhibiting mTOR/S6K1 feedback. Cardamonin also demonstrates cardioprotective effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury, pressure overload, and doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Additionally, it shows nephroprotective properties in models of renal injury and metabolic dysfunction. However, clinical studies remain limited, and the therapeutic translation of cardamonin requires further investigation of its bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and safety profile in humans. This review synthesizes current preclinical evidence and identifies critical gaps that warrant future research to establish cardamonin as a potential therapeutic agent for metabolic diseases.</p>

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Pharmacological effects of cardamonin in metabolic diseases: a review on preclinical studies

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月21日

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  • Aizhi Zhang,
  • AbdulRahman Muthanna,
  • Yu Zhao Lee,
  • Xuan Xin Yew,
  • Rieyshmondraj Selvanathan,
  • Zuo Shan Reuel Gan,
  • Ji Wei Tan,
  • Yu-Cheng Ho,
  • Ming Tatt Lee,
  • Chau Ling Tham

摘要

Cardamonin (2’,4’-dihydroxy-6’-methoxychalcone) is a naturally occurring chalcone primarily isolated from Boesenbergia rotunda and Alpinia species, which has gained considerable attention for its diverse pharmacological properties. This comprehensive review examines the preclinical evidence supporting cardamonin’s therapeutic potential in metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular complications, and related disorders. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that cardamonin exerts anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and metabolic regulatory effects through modulation of key signaling pathways including NF-κB, Nrf2, AMPK, mTOR, and PPAR pathways. In obesity models, cardamonin suppresses lipogenesis and promotes browning of adipocytes via PKA-mediated mechanisms. In diabetes, it enhances glucose uptake through GLUT4 translocation and improves insulin sensitivity by inhibiting mTOR/S6K1 feedback. Cardamonin also demonstrates cardioprotective effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury, pressure overload, and doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Additionally, it shows nephroprotective properties in models of renal injury and metabolic dysfunction. However, clinical studies remain limited, and the therapeutic translation of cardamonin requires further investigation of its bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and safety profile in humans. This review synthesizes current preclinical evidence and identifies critical gaps that warrant future research to establish cardamonin as a potential therapeutic agent for metabolic diseases.