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<p>This study investigates strategies to improve the efficiency of conical solar distillers for continuous water production during both day and night. Enhancements involve the integration of cylindrical hollow red bricks and natural thermal storage materials, along with the inclusion of phase change materials (PCM) within the hollow fins. A cylindrical hollow red brick, with and without paraffin wax-based PCM, is placed at the base of the distiller basin, and three configurations are analyzed. The first is a standard setup, the second incorporates cylindrical hollow red bricks without PCM, and the third employs PCM-filled cylindrical hollow red bricks. Experiments were conducted over a 24-h period under similar environmental conditions in Algeria, with a 3 cm spacing between the cylindrical hollows. Results demonstrated that the configuration utilizing PCM-filled cylindrical hollow red bricks achieved the highest productivity. Specifically, the daily water output of conical solar distillers using red bricks with and without PCM was 6.15 and 5.55 L⋅m<sup>−2</sup>, respectively, compared to 3.95 L⋅m<sup>−2</sup> for the conventional setup. This corresponds to productivity improvements of 55.70&#xa0;% and 40.50&#xa0;%, respectively, over the traditional design. Notably, night-time water production using PCM-filled cylindrical hollow red bricks was enhanced by 200&#xa0;% compared to systems without PCM. Environmental analysis revealed that the PCM-enhanced system mitigates carbon emissions equivalent to $390.94 annually, 1.55 times the mitigation achieved by the conventional setup. These findings highlight that integrating cylindrical hollow red bricks with PCM significantly enhances the performance of conical solar distillers, offering a promising solution for efficient water distillation.</p>

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Environmental and Exergetic Impacts of PCM-Filled Red Bricks in Conical Solar Water Distillers

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月10日

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  • Abd Elnaby Kabeel,
  • Mohammed El Hadi Attia,
  • Ali Benhmidene,
  • M. A. Elazab,
  • Mahmoud Bady

摘要

This study investigates strategies to improve the efficiency of conical solar distillers for continuous water production during both day and night. Enhancements involve the integration of cylindrical hollow red bricks and natural thermal storage materials, along with the inclusion of phase change materials (PCM) within the hollow fins. A cylindrical hollow red brick, with and without paraffin wax-based PCM, is placed at the base of the distiller basin, and three configurations are analyzed. The first is a standard setup, the second incorporates cylindrical hollow red bricks without PCM, and the third employs PCM-filled cylindrical hollow red bricks. Experiments were conducted over a 24-h period under similar environmental conditions in Algeria, with a 3 cm spacing between the cylindrical hollows. Results demonstrated that the configuration utilizing PCM-filled cylindrical hollow red bricks achieved the highest productivity. Specifically, the daily water output of conical solar distillers using red bricks with and without PCM was 6.15 and 5.55 L⋅m−2, respectively, compared to 3.95 L⋅m−2 for the conventional setup. This corresponds to productivity improvements of 55.70 % and 40.50 %, respectively, over the traditional design. Notably, night-time water production using PCM-filled cylindrical hollow red bricks was enhanced by 200 % compared to systems without PCM. Environmental analysis revealed that the PCM-enhanced system mitigates carbon emissions equivalent to $390.94 annually, 1.55 times the mitigation achieved by the conventional setup. These findings highlight that integrating cylindrical hollow red bricks with PCM significantly enhances the performance of conical solar distillers, offering a promising solution for efficient water distillation.