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<p>This paper introduces a wide-cathode suspended multi-channel array microstrip meander line slow-wave structure (WC-SMCA-MML SWS) for high power traveling-wave tubes (TWTs). Evolved from a conventional single-channel S-MML SWS design, the structure integrates four unit cells via an on-chip four-channel power divider within a shared cavity, establishing fully coupled slow-wave channels. Excitation is provided by a single, large-aspect-ratio cathode, which harnesses the longitudinal electric field generated through inter-channel coupling to enhance beam-wave interaction. Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations compare the saturated performance of three configurations: the proposed single-beam WC-SMCA-MML TWT, a four-independent-beam SMCA-MML TWT, and a conventional single-channel S-MML TWT. Under a beam voltage of 7.8 kV, a current density of 200 A/cm<sup>2</sup>, and an interaction length of 9.0 mm, the four-beam configuration yields a saturation output power at 96 GHz that is 3.47 times greater than the conventional S-MML TWT, with an 11.8% gain improvement. The single-beam WC-SMCA-MML TWT further surpasses the four-beam version, achieving 30.18% higher saturation power and a 12.7% gain increase while maintaining a 3-dB bandwidth of 91–99 GHz. At 95 GHz with a 2 W input, it delivers 55.42 W output power and 14.42 dB gain, improvements of 25.07% in power, and 7.21% in gain over the four-beam design. A prototype fabricated via photolithography exhibits a reflection coefficient S11 &lt; −14.5 dB and transmission coefficient S21 between −4.5 dB and −6.2 dB across 90–100 GHz, closely matching simulations and validating the design for efficient, integrated high-power TWT applications.</p>

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Design and Cold Test Study of W-Band Suspended Multi-channel Array Integrated Microstrip Meander Line Traveling-Wave Tubes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月14日

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  • Xing Liu,
  • Zhanliang Wang,
  • Jibo Dong,
  • Yuan Zheng,
  • Zhigang Lu,
  • Ping Zhang,
  • Shaomeng Wang,
  • Zhaoyun Duan,
  • Yubin Gong

摘要

This paper introduces a wide-cathode suspended multi-channel array microstrip meander line slow-wave structure (WC-SMCA-MML SWS) for high power traveling-wave tubes (TWTs). Evolved from a conventional single-channel S-MML SWS design, the structure integrates four unit cells via an on-chip four-channel power divider within a shared cavity, establishing fully coupled slow-wave channels. Excitation is provided by a single, large-aspect-ratio cathode, which harnesses the longitudinal electric field generated through inter-channel coupling to enhance beam-wave interaction. Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations compare the saturated performance of three configurations: the proposed single-beam WC-SMCA-MML TWT, a four-independent-beam SMCA-MML TWT, and a conventional single-channel S-MML TWT. Under a beam voltage of 7.8 kV, a current density of 200 A/cm2, and an interaction length of 9.0 mm, the four-beam configuration yields a saturation output power at 96 GHz that is 3.47 times greater than the conventional S-MML TWT, with an 11.8% gain improvement. The single-beam WC-SMCA-MML TWT further surpasses the four-beam version, achieving 30.18% higher saturation power and a 12.7% gain increase while maintaining a 3-dB bandwidth of 91–99 GHz. At 95 GHz with a 2 W input, it delivers 55.42 W output power and 14.42 dB gain, improvements of 25.07% in power, and 7.21% in gain over the four-beam design. A prototype fabricated via photolithography exhibits a reflection coefficient S11 < −14.5 dB and transmission coefficient S21 between −4.5 dB and −6.2 dB across 90–100 GHz, closely matching simulations and validating the design for efficient, integrated high-power TWT applications.