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<p>The water status of a plant plays a critical role in its growth and biomass accumulation.&#xa0;It is thus essential to accurately quantify the plant water content to improve the overall productivity. Conventional methods to assessing plant water status are either destructive, contacting, or only qualitative. In this work, we present a study to non-destructively quantify, in real-time, the water status of plant leaves in a non-contact manner using terahertz waves. The presented study correlates the leaf complex permittivity with both the relative water content and water potential in the nearly full range. Therefore, the leaf water status can be quantitatively determined based on the non-destructively extracted permittivity using terahertz waves. Furthermore, single-frequency empirical models linking the imaginary part of the leaf complex permittivity to water status have been developed, enabling the use of high-power narrowband sources in field tests. The simplified measurement and accurate evaluation presented in this study facilitates the application of terahertz technology in supporting sustainable agriculture under climate change and drought.</p>

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Non-Contact Monitoring of Plant Leaf Water Status Using Terahertz Waves

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月2日

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  • Xiaolong You,
  • Vinay Pagay,
  • Withawat Withayachumnankul

摘要

The water status of a plant plays a critical role in its growth and biomass accumulation. It is thus essential to accurately quantify the plant water content to improve the overall productivity. Conventional methods to assessing plant water status are either destructive, contacting, or only qualitative. In this work, we present a study to non-destructively quantify, in real-time, the water status of plant leaves in a non-contact manner using terahertz waves. The presented study correlates the leaf complex permittivity with both the relative water content and water potential in the nearly full range. Therefore, the leaf water status can be quantitatively determined based on the non-destructively extracted permittivity using terahertz waves. Furthermore, single-frequency empirical models linking the imaginary part of the leaf complex permittivity to water status have been developed, enabling the use of high-power narrowband sources in field tests. The simplified measurement and accurate evaluation presented in this study facilitates the application of terahertz technology in supporting sustainable agriculture under climate change and drought.