<p>We present ErAs:In(Al)GaAs-based terahertz transceiver modules, comprising transmitter and receiver components integrated on a single chip. The transceiver module is employed in a two-port single-path (TxRx-Rx) or 1.5-port pulsed free space photonic vector network analyzer setup, wherein the second receiver is an individual ErAs:InGaAs photoconductor. This configuration allows for simultaneous extraction of transmission and reflection coefficients or scattering parameters <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10762_2025_1043_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="24" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$S_{21}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mn>21</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10762_2025_1043_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="24" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$S_{11}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mn>11</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. The system achieves a peak dynamic range of <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10762_2025_1043_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="6" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="17" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\sim $</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo>∼</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>59 dB for <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10762_2025_1043_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="24" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$S_{21}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mn>21</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10762_2025_1043_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="6" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="17" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\sim $</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo>∼</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>43 dB for <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10762_2025_1043_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="24" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$S_{11}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mn>11</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> at a bandwidth reaching <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10762_2025_1043_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="6" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="17" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\sim $</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo>∼</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>3.5 THz for the transmission and <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10762_2025_1043_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="6" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="17" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\sim $</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo>∼</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>2.5 THz for the reflection path. These values are obtained by averaging over 500 traces at a scan rate of 4 Hz. The system exhibits superior frequency coverage compared to commercially available electronic vector network analyzers, thus offering a compact, cost-effective, broadband characterization solution for the benchmarking of terahertz devices and components.</p>

ErAs:In(Al)GaAs Terahertz Transceivers for Compact Pulsed Free Space Photonic Vector Network Analyzer

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2025年4月11日

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Fahd R. Faridi,
Julian Otto,
Sascha Preu

摘要

We present ErAs:In(Al)GaAs-based terahertz transceiver modules, comprising transmitter and receiver components integrated on a single chip. The transceiver module is employed in a two-port single-path (TxRx-Rx) or 1.5-port pulsed free space photonic vector network analyzer setup, wherein the second receiver is an individual ErAs:InGaAs photoconductor. This configuration allows for simultaneous extraction of transmission and reflection coefficients or scattering parameters $S_{21}$ $S_{21}$ and $S_{11}$ $S_{11}$ . The system achieves a peak dynamic range of $\sim $ $\sim$ 59 dB for $S_{21}$ $S_{21}$ and $\sim $ $\sim$ 43 dB for $S_{11}$ $S_{11}$ at a bandwidth reaching $\sim $ $\sim$ 3.5 THz for the transmission and $\sim $ $\sim$ 2.5 THz for the reflection path. These values are obtained by averaging over 500 traces at a scan rate of 4 Hz. The system exhibits superior frequency coverage compared to commercially available electronic vector network analyzers, thus offering a compact, cost-effective, broadband characterization solution for the benchmarking of terahertz devices and components.