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<p>Biomass gasification is one of the promising renewable energy technologies, converts lignocellulosic feedstocks into producer gas. In this study, thermal and operational characteristics of a 2&#xa0;kW lab-scale downdraft biomass gasifier fueled with casuarina equisetifolia wood chips were experimentally examined. Thermogravimetric (TGA) and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses were carried out in the feedstock to evaluate the thermal decomposition behaviour and functional group composition. TGA results indicates distinct degradation stages corresponding to hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin decomposition, and FTIR analysis identified hydroxyl, carbonyl, aromatic and cellulose related functional groups characteristic of lignocellulosic biomass. The higher heating value of the feedstock was measured as 16.94&#xa0;MJ/kg, highlighting its potential as sustainable feedstock. Multipoint temperature profiling across gasifier system demonstrated stable thermal gradients, with average of 799 ± 39&#xa0;°C in the reactor zone, 194 ± 33&#xa0;°C in the cyclone separator, 139 ± 20&#xa0;°C in the filter section, and 52 ± 6.2&#xa0;°C at the gas outlet. The stage filtration system reduced visible particulate and tar deposition; however, tar condensation and partial filter saturation were observed during the prolonged operation. In addition, ash- waster in scrubber tank showed reduction of pH from 7.32 to 3.9–5.5 and an increase in total dissolved solids from 344 ppm to 840 ppm during the extended operation. This study provides experimental insights into relationship between feedstock properties, characterization, thermal behaviour and downstream operation stability in small scale downdraft gasification systems.</p>

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Thermal profiling and operational assessment of a casuarina-fueled lab-scale downdraft gasifier

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • P. K. Srividhya,
  • C. M. Vivek,
  • P. Ramkumar,
  • P. M. Jerisan Cross,
  • N. Ahamath Basha,
  • T. Thenilavan

摘要

Biomass gasification is one of the promising renewable energy technologies, converts lignocellulosic feedstocks into producer gas. In this study, thermal and operational characteristics of a 2 kW lab-scale downdraft biomass gasifier fueled with casuarina equisetifolia wood chips were experimentally examined. Thermogravimetric (TGA) and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses were carried out in the feedstock to evaluate the thermal decomposition behaviour and functional group composition. TGA results indicates distinct degradation stages corresponding to hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin decomposition, and FTIR analysis identified hydroxyl, carbonyl, aromatic and cellulose related functional groups characteristic of lignocellulosic biomass. The higher heating value of the feedstock was measured as 16.94 MJ/kg, highlighting its potential as sustainable feedstock. Multipoint temperature profiling across gasifier system demonstrated stable thermal gradients, with average of 799 ± 39 °C in the reactor zone, 194 ± 33 °C in the cyclone separator, 139 ± 20 °C in the filter section, and 52 ± 6.2 °C at the gas outlet. The stage filtration system reduced visible particulate and tar deposition; however, tar condensation and partial filter saturation were observed during the prolonged operation. In addition, ash- waster in scrubber tank showed reduction of pH from 7.32 to 3.9–5.5 and an increase in total dissolved solids from 344 ppm to 840 ppm during the extended operation. This study provides experimental insights into relationship between feedstock properties, characterization, thermal behaviour and downstream operation stability in small scale downdraft gasification systems.