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<p>Increasing strain on freshwater resources and declining groundwater levels have stressed the need for efficient and sustainable rainwater harvesting systems. A critical challenge in utilising harvested rain water is lack of a combined system to ensure adequate infiltration while improving water quality without relying on energy-intensive or costly materials. This study presents the development of porous cylindrical earthen blocks fabricated using locally available gravel as the primary skeletal material and a combination of lime, terracotta, biochar and plaster of Paris as functional binders. Twenty mix proportions were investigated by varying the gravel content and a total fine fraction that included lime, terracotta, bio-char and plaster of paris. A weighted multi-criteria assessment approach was employed to identify the optimal composition based on filtration efficiency, hydraulic performance, structural integrity and durability. The selected optimum mix demonstrated a balanced performance, achieving high infiltration rates, turbidity reduction exceeding 85% and adequate strength for real time implementation. The findings emphasise the potential of porous earthen blocks as a low-cost, sustainable and scalable solution for decentralized rainwater harvesting and groundwater recharge applications.</p>

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Development and performance evaluation of eco-engineered porous earthen media for sustainable rainwater harvesting

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月9日

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  • Hema Sudhakar,
  • M Omshri,
  • K Bharanidharan,
  • Muthukrishnan,
  • Bharat Raju,
  • Sanjay Krishna,
  • S Sanjay

摘要

Increasing strain on freshwater resources and declining groundwater levels have stressed the need for efficient and sustainable rainwater harvesting systems. A critical challenge in utilising harvested rain water is lack of a combined system to ensure adequate infiltration while improving water quality without relying on energy-intensive or costly materials. This study presents the development of porous cylindrical earthen blocks fabricated using locally available gravel as the primary skeletal material and a combination of lime, terracotta, biochar and plaster of Paris as functional binders. Twenty mix proportions were investigated by varying the gravel content and a total fine fraction that included lime, terracotta, bio-char and plaster of paris. A weighted multi-criteria assessment approach was employed to identify the optimal composition based on filtration efficiency, hydraulic performance, structural integrity and durability. The selected optimum mix demonstrated a balanced performance, achieving high infiltration rates, turbidity reduction exceeding 85% and adequate strength for real time implementation. The findings emphasise the potential of porous earthen blocks as a low-cost, sustainable and scalable solution for decentralized rainwater harvesting and groundwater recharge applications.