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<p>Dynamics of aquatic ecosystems hinge on organisms’ life-history responses to food availability and composition through a variety of links between biochemistry and ecology. In particular, caloric restriction can extend longevity at the expense of fecundity. We previously demonstrated that <i>Daphnia magna</i> fed ad libitum but supplemented with a ketone body b-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) shows reduced early-life mortality mimicking caloric restriction. It is, however, unknown whether BHB supplementation can further extend life span in individuals reared on caloric restriction diet. Here we investigate the effects of BHB supplement on longevity and fecundity of several clones of <i>D. magna</i> maintained at limited food availability, focusing on amount, duration and timing of exposure. Lifetime exposure to 2.5–10&#xa0;mM of BHB reduced <i>Daphnia</i> life span, while exposure administered for 20-day periods had little effect on post-exposure survival, regardless of the age at exposure onset. In contrast, BHB supplementation increased <i>Daphnia</i> fecundity, which included delayed late-age effects of a pulse early-life exposure. Furthermore, a brief early-life maternal exposure to BHB increased daughters’ fecundity, although this effect was genotype-specific. We argue that this transgenerational effect may be a manifestation of metabolic signaling rather than of additional source of energy provided by BHB.</p>

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Ketone body b-hydroxybutyrate does not extend life span, but upregulates fecundity in food-limited Daphnia, with a transgenerational effect

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月2日

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  • A. C. Pearson,
  • S. C. Bhadra,
  • L. Y. Yampolsky

摘要

Dynamics of aquatic ecosystems hinge on organisms’ life-history responses to food availability and composition through a variety of links between biochemistry and ecology. In particular, caloric restriction can extend longevity at the expense of fecundity. We previously demonstrated that Daphnia magna fed ad libitum but supplemented with a ketone body b-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) shows reduced early-life mortality mimicking caloric restriction. It is, however, unknown whether BHB supplementation can further extend life span in individuals reared on caloric restriction diet. Here we investigate the effects of BHB supplement on longevity and fecundity of several clones of D. magna maintained at limited food availability, focusing on amount, duration and timing of exposure. Lifetime exposure to 2.5–10 mM of BHB reduced Daphnia life span, while exposure administered for 20-day periods had little effect on post-exposure survival, regardless of the age at exposure onset. In contrast, BHB supplementation increased Daphnia fecundity, which included delayed late-age effects of a pulse early-life exposure. Furthermore, a brief early-life maternal exposure to BHB increased daughters’ fecundity, although this effect was genotype-specific. We argue that this transgenerational effect may be a manifestation of metabolic signaling rather than of additional source of energy provided by BHB.