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<p>Dystrophic lakes are unique ecosystems characterized by extreme conditions, including acidic waters, sharp thermal and oxygen gradients, and high dissolved organic carbon levels, which lead to specific dark coloration of water. While lacking submerged macrophytes, these lakes are bordered by <i>Sphagnum</i> mats, which create distinct ecological niches shaping plankton community structure and composition. We examined three key habitats (<i>Sphagnum</i> mats, shore zones, and open water) across seven temperate dystrophic lakes, analyzing a broad range of planktonic organisms (Crustacea, Rotifera, Ciliata, and phytoplankton). Our results revealed significant differences in plankton assemblages among these habitats, with distinct communities found in <i>Sphagnum</i> mats and open water, while the shore zone contained species typical of both habitats. Ciliata and phytoplankton in the shore zone showed greater similarity to open water communities. In contrast, microcrustacean assemblages in shore zones differed significantly from both <i>Sphagnum</i> mats and open water, supporting a high diversity of littoral and some planktonic species. These findings highlight the need to consider horizontal variability in plankton communities when interpreting paleolimnological records. Given the widespread use of Cladocera and diatoms remains in reconstructing past lake conditions, integrating habitat-specific data enhances the accuracy of environmental reconstructions and deepens our understanding of dystrophic lake evolution.</p>

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One lake—three worlds for plankton: a case of dystrophic lakes

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月29日

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  • Maciej Karpowicz,
  • Jolanta Ejsmont-Karabin,
  • Krystyna Kalinowska,
  • Magdalena Grabowska,
  • Izabela Zawiska,
  • Adam Więcko,
  • Carlos López,
  • Natalia Kuczyńska-Kippen

摘要

Dystrophic lakes are unique ecosystems characterized by extreme conditions, including acidic waters, sharp thermal and oxygen gradients, and high dissolved organic carbon levels, which lead to specific dark coloration of water. While lacking submerged macrophytes, these lakes are bordered by Sphagnum mats, which create distinct ecological niches shaping plankton community structure and composition. We examined three key habitats (Sphagnum mats, shore zones, and open water) across seven temperate dystrophic lakes, analyzing a broad range of planktonic organisms (Crustacea, Rotifera, Ciliata, and phytoplankton). Our results revealed significant differences in plankton assemblages among these habitats, with distinct communities found in Sphagnum mats and open water, while the shore zone contained species typical of both habitats. Ciliata and phytoplankton in the shore zone showed greater similarity to open water communities. In contrast, microcrustacean assemblages in shore zones differed significantly from both Sphagnum mats and open water, supporting a high diversity of littoral and some planktonic species. These findings highlight the need to consider horizontal variability in plankton communities when interpreting paleolimnological records. Given the widespread use of Cladocera and diatoms remains in reconstructing past lake conditions, integrating habitat-specific data enhances the accuracy of environmental reconstructions and deepens our understanding of dystrophic lake evolution.