<p>Understanding the human dimensions of human–wildlife conflict is crucial for achieving sustainable coexistence. However, conservation efforts for Taiwan’s last wild feline, the leopard cat <i>(Prionailurus bengalensis)</i>, have largely overlooked this perspective. This study applies the Conservation Conflict Transformation framework and its two constituent models: the Levels of Conflict Model and the Conflict Intervention Model to examine conflicts surrounding this endangered species. Our surveys with 418 farmers confirm dispute-level conflicts, with more than half reporting damage attributed to leopard cats. Despite generally neutral to positive attitudes toward the species, the results reveal underlying social tensions between farmers and other stakeholders involved in the management and conservation of leopard cats, particularly farmers’ dissatisfaction with their public portrayal. These findings demonstrate that effective conflict resolution requires addressing not only material disputes but also deeper social and relational dimensions. By linking conflict diagnosis with intervention pathways, this study illustrates how the framework can support the transformation of conflict toward coexistence. While essential for the long-term survival of leopard cats in Taiwan, our findings hold broader relevance for managing human–wildlife conflict in other contexts.</p>