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<p>We examined the strategies of a transhumant forest-dwelling community in northern Iran, focusing on awareness and participation in the sustainable harvesting of non-timber forest products (NTFPs). Findings indicate that herding is both the primary occupation (52.3% of respondents) and the main source of livelihood (51.7% of households), while NTFPs play a limited economic role due to customary norms, seasonal migration, and alternative livelihood strategies. The study revealed that ecological awareness, knowledge of harvesting and processing practices, and adherence to customary laws strongly influence community willingness to participate in sustainable forest management. The results highlight how integrating traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) and local participation into forest governance can inform policy frameworks, support co-management arrangements, and guide the transition toward modern forestry and sustainable forest management plans, thereby facilitating the implementation of national development programs and broader sustainability goals.</p>

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Traditional Forest Ecological Knowledge of the Transhumant Forest-Dwelling Community in the Basin of Shafarood, Guilan, Iran

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月1日

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  • Hamidreza Afrand Sorkhani,
  • Nastaran Zolfi,
  • Ramin Naghdi,
  • Mehrdad Nikooy,
  • Leyla Eskandari

摘要

We examined the strategies of a transhumant forest-dwelling community in northern Iran, focusing on awareness and participation in the sustainable harvesting of non-timber forest products (NTFPs). Findings indicate that herding is both the primary occupation (52.3% of respondents) and the main source of livelihood (51.7% of households), while NTFPs play a limited economic role due to customary norms, seasonal migration, and alternative livelihood strategies. The study revealed that ecological awareness, knowledge of harvesting and processing practices, and adherence to customary laws strongly influence community willingness to participate in sustainable forest management. The results highlight how integrating traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) and local participation into forest governance can inform policy frameworks, support co-management arrangements, and guide the transition toward modern forestry and sustainable forest management plans, thereby facilitating the implementation of national development programs and broader sustainability goals.