<p>Music education (ME) is an essential component of a musical culture and plays a key role in preserving musical traditions and transmitting them to the next generation. A multicultural approach to ME examines and integrates musical genres that have emerged from different national and cultural backgrounds (CB). This leads to the creation of new musical forms and an understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of different musical cultures. In today’s educational environment, the influence of modern musical genres and the global spread of world music culture are of great importance. This study examines how the influence of world music culture and modern music (MM) occurs in national ME. Data were collected from 295 students and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Importantly, it was found that the integration of world music culture into national ME improves students’ cultural understanding. This makes ME more meaningful. This study contributes to the literature by applying PLS-SEM to examine how global music (GM) culture and MM influence national ME. While global and international music educations have been previously studied, the present research introduces a methodological innovation by employing PLS-SEM to explore these relationships in depth. This methodological framing, combined with a global perspective, offers comparative relevance and extends existing discussions on the integration of global music into national ME contexts.</p>