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<p><i>Typhonium flagelliforme</i> is a medicinal plant known for its diverse bioactive compounds, including tocopherol, which offers significant pharmacological potential, yet the genetic basis of its tocopherol biosynthesis remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to identify and characterize two putative tocopherol biosynthesis-related genes, <i>VTE3</i> and <i>HPPD</i>, in <i>T. flagelliforme</i> and its mutant lines. The genes were amplified via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using sequence-based approaches targeting conserved homologous regions in non-model plants. The results demonstrated the successful amplification and identification of both the <i>HPPD</i> and <i>VTE3</i> genes in <i>T. flagelliforme</i>. Subsequent comparative sequence analysis based on sequence similarity and phylogenetic relationships, along with protein structure prediction, strongly supported their annotation as tocopherol biosynthesis genes. The <i>HPPD</i> sequences obtained from genomic DNA (gDNA) and complementary DNA (cDNA) were 583&#xa0;bp in length, while the gDNA and cDNA for <i>VTE3</i> sequences were 1162&#xa0;bp and 294&#xa0;bp, respectively. Sequence comparison between wild-type and mutant plants revealed seven nucleotide variations in the <i>HPPD</i> and one in <i>VTE3</i> genomic DNA. These point mutations may contribute to differences in tocopherol accumulation among genotypes. Predicted protein analysis revealed conserved functional domains, and three nonsynonymous mutations in HPPD resulted in amino acid substitutions that may affect enzyme activity in the tocopherol biosynthetic pathway. These findings offer the first molecular insight into tocopherol biosynthesis-related genes in <i>T. flagelliforme</i>, establishing a foundation for linking genetic variation, tocopherol accumulation, the antioxidant, and anticancer properties of tocopherols related to the medicinal potential of <i>T. flagelliforme</i>.</p>

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Identification and sequence analysis of putative tocopherol biosynthesis HPPD and VTE3 genes in Typhonium flagelliforme mutants

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月1日

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  • Nesti Fronika Sianipar,
  • Sitti Dhiffah Nabilah Abdul,
  • Khoirunnisa Assidqi,
  • Reflinur Reflinur,
  • Dwiyantari Widyaningrum,
  • Endang Rahmat,
  • Youngmin Kang

摘要

Typhonium flagelliforme is a medicinal plant known for its diverse bioactive compounds, including tocopherol, which offers significant pharmacological potential, yet the genetic basis of its tocopherol biosynthesis remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to identify and characterize two putative tocopherol biosynthesis-related genes, VTE3 and HPPD, in T. flagelliforme and its mutant lines. The genes were amplified via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using sequence-based approaches targeting conserved homologous regions in non-model plants. The results demonstrated the successful amplification and identification of both the HPPD and VTE3 genes in T. flagelliforme. Subsequent comparative sequence analysis based on sequence similarity and phylogenetic relationships, along with protein structure prediction, strongly supported their annotation as tocopherol biosynthesis genes. The HPPD sequences obtained from genomic DNA (gDNA) and complementary DNA (cDNA) were 583 bp in length, while the gDNA and cDNA for VTE3 sequences were 1162 bp and 294 bp, respectively. Sequence comparison between wild-type and mutant plants revealed seven nucleotide variations in the HPPD and one in VTE3 genomic DNA. These point mutations may contribute to differences in tocopherol accumulation among genotypes. Predicted protein analysis revealed conserved functional domains, and three nonsynonymous mutations in HPPD resulted in amino acid substitutions that may affect enzyme activity in the tocopherol biosynthetic pathway. These findings offer the first molecular insight into tocopherol biosynthesis-related genes in T. flagelliforme, establishing a foundation for linking genetic variation, tocopherol accumulation, the antioxidant, and anticancer properties of tocopherols related to the medicinal potential of T. flagelliforme.