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<p>This study evaluated phytochemical variation and genetic diversity among 25 Thai mulberry accessions using integrated biochemical and molecular approaches. Fruit extracts were analyzed for total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total triterpenoid content (TTC) exhibited significant variation, with TPC ranging from 0.905 to 5.332&#xa0;mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry weight (DW), TFC from 0.843 to 1.334&#xa0;mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g DW, and TTC from 2.624 to 5.278&#xa0;mg ursolic acid equivalents (UAE)/g DW. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed structured variation, with TPC and TFC showing strong association, while TTC displayed a distinct accumulation pattern. Accessions such as Burirum 60, Chiang Mai, and Sakonnakhon 85 consistently exhibited high phytochemical levels, indicating their potential for breeding and functional applications. Genetic diversity analysis using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and start codon targeted (SCoT) markers revealed moderate (57.26%) and high (98.53%) polymorphism, respectively. Four SRAP combinations and seven SCoT primers were utilized for analysis. Clustering analysis based on individual and combined marker datasets demonstrated both consistent and marker-specific groupings, indicating complementary detection of genomic variation. Mantel test analysis showed weak correlations between molecular marker-based genetic distances and phytochemical traits, suggesting that metabolite accumulation is governed by complex, polygenic regulation and environmental influences. Integrating molecular markers with phytochemical profiling provides a useful framework for evaluating mulberry germplasm. This approach may assist in identifying genetically diverse accessions possessing favorable biochemical characteristics, as well as in future breeding and conservation initiatives.</p>

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Integrated analysis of fruit phytochemical traits and molecular marker-based genetic diversity in Thai mberry germplasm

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月9日

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  • Surapa Nutthapornnitchakul,
  • Chatchawan Jantasuriyarat,
  • Wannarat Phonphoem,
  • Lompong Klinnawee,
  • Butsara Jongruaysup,
  • Kannika Sonthi,
  • Faris Duriyapong

摘要

This study evaluated phytochemical variation and genetic diversity among 25 Thai mulberry accessions using integrated biochemical and molecular approaches. Fruit extracts were analyzed for total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total triterpenoid content (TTC) exhibited significant variation, with TPC ranging from 0.905 to 5.332 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry weight (DW), TFC from 0.843 to 1.334 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g DW, and TTC from 2.624 to 5.278 mg ursolic acid equivalents (UAE)/g DW. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed structured variation, with TPC and TFC showing strong association, while TTC displayed a distinct accumulation pattern. Accessions such as Burirum 60, Chiang Mai, and Sakonnakhon 85 consistently exhibited high phytochemical levels, indicating their potential for breeding and functional applications. Genetic diversity analysis using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and start codon targeted (SCoT) markers revealed moderate (57.26%) and high (98.53%) polymorphism, respectively. Four SRAP combinations and seven SCoT primers were utilized for analysis. Clustering analysis based on individual and combined marker datasets demonstrated both consistent and marker-specific groupings, indicating complementary detection of genomic variation. Mantel test analysis showed weak correlations between molecular marker-based genetic distances and phytochemical traits, suggesting that metabolite accumulation is governed by complex, polygenic regulation and environmental influences. Integrating molecular markers with phytochemical profiling provides a useful framework for evaluating mulberry germplasm. This approach may assist in identifying genetically diverse accessions possessing favorable biochemical characteristics, as well as in future breeding and conservation initiatives.