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<p><i>Juniperus</i> is a genus characterized by high phenotypic and phytochemical variability. Conifer oleoresins play a crucial role in plant adaptation mechanisms. Species of <i>Juniperus</i> are valuable sources of essential oils with broad applications in medicinal, food, cosmetic, and agricultural industries. In this study, the chemical composition of essential oils obtained from male shoots, female shoots and female cones of <i>Juniperus seravschanica</i> was analysed using gas&#xa0;chromatography–mass spectrometry&#xa0;(GC–MS). In addition, ethnobotanical information was documented through interviews with local communities to record traditional knowledge related to the species. A total of 31, 33, and 24 constituents were initially identified in male shoots, female shoots, and cones, respectively. After removing minor compounds with less than 0.1% of the total oil, the major constituents accounted for 99.11%, 98.83%, and 97.83% of the total oils, respectively. α-pinene, α-cedrol and limonene were the major components in all samples representing 93.94, 90.27 and 92.48% of total essential oils of male shoots, female shoots, and cones, respectively. The highest contents of α-pinene (72.1%) and limonene (13.6%) were detected in cones. α-cedrol was the dominant sesquiterpene, ranging from 6.8% in cones to 29.7% in female shoots, indicating that <i>J. seravcshanica</i> can be classified as a high cedrol species. Ethnobotanical surveys revealed that local communities traditionally use different parts of the plant for household purposes, insect deterrence, and folk remedies. The predominance of α-pinene, limonene, and α-cedrol is consistent with the traditional relevance of this species and supports its potential as a source of these valuable natural compounds.</p>

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Essential oil composition and ethnobotanical survey of male and female Juniperus seravschanica Kom. (Cupressaceae) in Iran

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月3日

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  • Farkhondeh Rezanejad,
  • Fatemeh Nejad-Alimoradi,
  • Hossein Mozafari

摘要

Juniperus is a genus characterized by high phenotypic and phytochemical variability. Conifer oleoresins play a crucial role in plant adaptation mechanisms. Species of Juniperus are valuable sources of essential oils with broad applications in medicinal, food, cosmetic, and agricultural industries. In this study, the chemical composition of essential oils obtained from male shoots, female shoots and female cones of Juniperus seravschanica was analysed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). In addition, ethnobotanical information was documented through interviews with local communities to record traditional knowledge related to the species. A total of 31, 33, and 24 constituents were initially identified in male shoots, female shoots, and cones, respectively. After removing minor compounds with less than 0.1% of the total oil, the major constituents accounted for 99.11%, 98.83%, and 97.83% of the total oils, respectively. α-pinene, α-cedrol and limonene were the major components in all samples representing 93.94, 90.27 and 92.48% of total essential oils of male shoots, female shoots, and cones, respectively. The highest contents of α-pinene (72.1%) and limonene (13.6%) were detected in cones. α-cedrol was the dominant sesquiterpene, ranging from 6.8% in cones to 29.7% in female shoots, indicating that J. seravcshanica can be classified as a high cedrol species. Ethnobotanical surveys revealed that local communities traditionally use different parts of the plant for household purposes, insect deterrence, and folk remedies. The predominance of α-pinene, limonene, and α-cedrol is consistent with the traditional relevance of this species and supports its potential as a source of these valuable natural compounds.