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<p>The cereal leafminer (CLM), caused by <i>Syringopais temperatella</i>, is a native insect pest that targets barley crop in the West Asia and North Africa region. The objective of this study was to identify sources of tolerance to the CLM within the spring barley core collection (BCC) and to explore the genetic basic of CLM tolerance using genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis. A genetically diverse spring barley panel from the spring BCC was evaluated under natural soil infestation conditions across two consecutive cropping seasons under field conditions and one season under controlled greenhouse conditions. Damage severity of the CLM was significantly affected by the Genotype × Season interaction, where low minimum temperatures during larval emergence in March may lead to increased larval mortality, leading to reduced CLM infestation rates. GWAS analysis was conducted independently for each season using phenotypic data from each season and a set of 4966 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. A mixed linear model (MLM) was used for GWAS analysis that incorporates both principal component analysis (PCA) and kinship matrices to control for population structure and genetic relatedness, respectively. Two putative genomic regions associated with tolerance were identified, supported by clusters of closely linked SNPs (lead SNP − log₁₀(<i>P</i>) &gt; 3.5), located on chromosomes 2H (8.29–11.61 cM) and 5H (41.32–42.01 cM). Multiple high-confidence candidate genes associated with chemical resistance, detoxification pathways, plant defense and immune responses, as well as cell wall reinforcement were identified within these two putative regions, suggesting their potential involvement in resistance mechanisms. The detection of multiple independent SNPs across seasons with relatively small effects suggests a multigenic architecture of CLM tolerance. The results from this study provide a foundation for future genetic improvement to enhance CLM tolerance in spring barley.</p>

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Identification of the cereal leafminer (Syringopais temperatella) tolerance sources in a spring barley core collection and their genome-wide genetic dissection

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月29日

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  • Adel H. Abdel-Ghani,
  • Rasha A. Tarawneh,
  • Saddam A. Al-Dalain,
  • Yacoub Emeel Hijazeen,
  • Mahmud A. Duwayri,
  • Soud Abbadi,
  • Yehya Alattal,
  • Saed J. Owais,
  • Sobhia Saifan,
  • Huda Hazim Al-Taae,
  • Benjamin Kilian,
  • Kerstin Neumann

摘要

The cereal leafminer (CLM), caused by Syringopais temperatella, is a native insect pest that targets barley crop in the West Asia and North Africa region. The objective of this study was to identify sources of tolerance to the CLM within the spring barley core collection (BCC) and to explore the genetic basic of CLM tolerance using genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis. A genetically diverse spring barley panel from the spring BCC was evaluated under natural soil infestation conditions across two consecutive cropping seasons under field conditions and one season under controlled greenhouse conditions. Damage severity of the CLM was significantly affected by the Genotype × Season interaction, where low minimum temperatures during larval emergence in March may lead to increased larval mortality, leading to reduced CLM infestation rates. GWAS analysis was conducted independently for each season using phenotypic data from each season and a set of 4966 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. A mixed linear model (MLM) was used for GWAS analysis that incorporates both principal component analysis (PCA) and kinship matrices to control for population structure and genetic relatedness, respectively. Two putative genomic regions associated with tolerance were identified, supported by clusters of closely linked SNPs (lead SNP − log₁₀(P) > 3.5), located on chromosomes 2H (8.29–11.61 cM) and 5H (41.32–42.01 cM). Multiple high-confidence candidate genes associated with chemical resistance, detoxification pathways, plant defense and immune responses, as well as cell wall reinforcement were identified within these two putative regions, suggesting their potential involvement in resistance mechanisms. The detection of multiple independent SNPs across seasons with relatively small effects suggests a multigenic architecture of CLM tolerance. The results from this study provide a foundation for future genetic improvement to enhance CLM tolerance in spring barley.