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<p>This study presents the morphological, phenological, productive, and pomological characterization of the new walnut (<i>Juglans regia</i> L.) cultivar ‘Argentina INTA’, developed by the Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) for arid and semi-arid environments in northwestern Argentina. The cultivar originated from a controlled cross between ‘Howard’ (female parent) and a ‘Franquette’ seedling (male parent) and was evaluated at two contrasting sites in Catamarca Province over three consecutive growing seasons, alongside the reference cultivars ‘Chandler’ and ‘Criolla’. ‘Argentina INTA’ exhibited high vigor, predominantly lateral bearing, and an early and stable phenological behavior across environments. Harvest maturity occurred earlier than in ‘Chandler’, and yield efficiency was consistently higher. ‘Argentina INTA’ produced significantly larger nuts (15.15&#xa0;g) with higher kernel weight (8.02&#xa0;g) and kernel percentage (52.88 ± 2.79%) than ‘Chandler’ and ‘Criolla’ (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), together with thinner shells, finer internal membranes, and a very light kernel color. Pomological analyses confirmed significant differences among cultivars in nut dimensions, nut weight, kernel weight, and shell thickness. The combination of higher yield efficiency, earlier harvest, and superior nut quality traits positions ‘Argentina INTA’ as a promising cultivar for regions with limited winter chilling and high thermal variability.</p>

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‘Argentina INTA’: a new early-maturing walnut (Juglans regia L.) adapted to arid environments

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月8日

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  • Eber Alexander Delgado,
  • Sibila Ivonne Lencina,
  • Fiamma Pereyra,
  • Ingrid Georgina Orce,
  • Juan Jose Colica,
  • Gabriela Noemi Sabadzija,
  • Norberto Francisco Gariglio,
  • Dante Egardo Carabajal

摘要

This study presents the morphological, phenological, productive, and pomological characterization of the new walnut (Juglans regia L.) cultivar ‘Argentina INTA’, developed by the Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) for arid and semi-arid environments in northwestern Argentina. The cultivar originated from a controlled cross between ‘Howard’ (female parent) and a ‘Franquette’ seedling (male parent) and was evaluated at two contrasting sites in Catamarca Province over three consecutive growing seasons, alongside the reference cultivars ‘Chandler’ and ‘Criolla’. ‘Argentina INTA’ exhibited high vigor, predominantly lateral bearing, and an early and stable phenological behavior across environments. Harvest maturity occurred earlier than in ‘Chandler’, and yield efficiency was consistently higher. ‘Argentina INTA’ produced significantly larger nuts (15.15 g) with higher kernel weight (8.02 g) and kernel percentage (52.88 ± 2.79%) than ‘Chandler’ and ‘Criolla’ (p < 0.001), together with thinner shells, finer internal membranes, and a very light kernel color. Pomological analyses confirmed significant differences among cultivars in nut dimensions, nut weight, kernel weight, and shell thickness. The combination of higher yield efficiency, earlier harvest, and superior nut quality traits positions ‘Argentina INTA’ as a promising cultivar for regions with limited winter chilling and high thermal variability.