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<p>Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) production is critically constrained by soil-borne diseases, notably bacterial wilt (<i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i>), southern blight (<i>Sclerotium rolfsii</i>), and pod rot (<i>Pythium myriotylum</i>). Developing cultivars with multi-disease resistance and high kernel quality is essential for sustainable cultivation. In this study, 30 peanut genotypes were evaluated for resistance to these three pathogens and profiled for key biochemical quality traits. Genetic diversity was assessed using 32 transposable element-based molecular markers. The results revealed significant phenotypic variation. Genotype 23S6 emerged as an elite multi-resistant germplasm, exhibiting immunity to bacterial wilt and resistance to both southern blight and pod rot. Correlation analysis revealed significant biological trade-offs: bacterial wilt survival rate was positively correlated with protein content (r = 0.338) but also positively correlated with pod rot disease index (r = 0.366). Furthermore, sucrose content showed a significant positive correlation with southern blight susceptibility (r = 0.363). Genetic diversity analysis indicated a broad genetic base for bacterial wilt resistance (h = 0.228) but a critically narrow base for southern blight resistance (h = 0.101). These findings highlight specific genetic constraints and trade-offs in multi-trait breeding, positioning 23S6 as a rare donor for breaking these unfavorable assocations. </p>

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Screening for resistance to three soil-borne diseases and profiling genetic diversity of 30 peanut genotypes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月27日

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  • Xiang Yin,
  • Chun Jiao Jiang,
  • Xiao Zhou,
  • Hao Jie Sun,
  • Guang Di Yuan,
  • Xiu Zhen Wang,
  • Ming Jun Zhang,
  • Feng Xu,
  • Chuan Tang Wang,
  • Jing Yu,
  • Zhongliang Su

摘要

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production is critically constrained by soil-borne diseases, notably bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum), southern blight (Sclerotium rolfsii), and pod rot (Pythium myriotylum). Developing cultivars with multi-disease resistance and high kernel quality is essential for sustainable cultivation. In this study, 30 peanut genotypes were evaluated for resistance to these three pathogens and profiled for key biochemical quality traits. Genetic diversity was assessed using 32 transposable element-based molecular markers. The results revealed significant phenotypic variation. Genotype 23S6 emerged as an elite multi-resistant germplasm, exhibiting immunity to bacterial wilt and resistance to both southern blight and pod rot. Correlation analysis revealed significant biological trade-offs: bacterial wilt survival rate was positively correlated with protein content (r = 0.338) but also positively correlated with pod rot disease index (r = 0.366). Furthermore, sucrose content showed a significant positive correlation with southern blight susceptibility (r = 0.363). Genetic diversity analysis indicated a broad genetic base for bacterial wilt resistance (h = 0.228) but a critically narrow base for southern blight resistance (h = 0.101). These findings highlight specific genetic constraints and trade-offs in multi-trait breeding, positioning 23S6 as a rare donor for breaking these unfavorable assocations.