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<p><i>Oroxylum indicum</i> (Indian Trumpet Tree), a medicinally important and culturally significant tree, has long been utilized in traditional Asian medicine for its wide array of pharmacological properties. However, habitat fragmentation, increasing demand, and overexploitation have led to the gradual decline of its natural populations; hence, there is an urgent need for its conservation. This review explores the genetic diversity and conservation strategies of <i>Oroxylum indicum</i>, emphasizing the application of molecular markers such as random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), amplified fragment length polymorphism&#xa0;(AFLP), restriction fragment length polymorphism&#xa0;(RFLP), and simple sequence repeat&#xa0;(SSR) in assessing genetic variation. These tools, along with modern techniques like Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS), have been instrumental in identifying genetic structure, population differentiation, and potential elite germplasms. Research reports high polymorphism levels (up to 88.04%) and considerable genetic differentiation (GST = 0.3733), thereby&#xa0;indicating limited gene flow and the need for region-specific conservation strategies. Furthermore, in vitro propagation techniques have shown promise for clonal fidelity and sustainable cultivation. Selection of high-yield phytochemical germplasms supports both conservation and commercial applications. Integrating molecular and phytochemical profiling offers a comprehensive approach for preserving this vulnerable species and leveraging its pharmacological potential.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and genetic perspectives on the conservation of Oroxylum indicum Linn

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月11日

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  • Jyoti Bharadwaj,
  • Jyoti Agrahari,
  • Md. Kamaruz Zaman,
  • Bijoy Neog

摘要

Oroxylum indicum (Indian Trumpet Tree), a medicinally important and culturally significant tree, has long been utilized in traditional Asian medicine for its wide array of pharmacological properties. However, habitat fragmentation, increasing demand, and overexploitation have led to the gradual decline of its natural populations; hence, there is an urgent need for its conservation. This review explores the genetic diversity and conservation strategies of Oroxylum indicum, emphasizing the application of molecular markers such as random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), and simple sequence repeat (SSR) in assessing genetic variation. These tools, along with modern techniques like Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS), have been instrumental in identifying genetic structure, population differentiation, and potential elite germplasms. Research reports high polymorphism levels (up to 88.04%) and considerable genetic differentiation (GST = 0.3733), thereby indicating limited gene flow and the need for region-specific conservation strategies. Furthermore, in vitro propagation techniques have shown promise for clonal fidelity and sustainable cultivation. Selection of high-yield phytochemical germplasms supports both conservation and commercial applications. Integrating molecular and phytochemical profiling offers a comprehensive approach for preserving this vulnerable species and leveraging its pharmacological potential.

Graphical abstract