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<p>The homeodomain-leucine zipper (HDZip) transcription factors, which are unique to plants, play a vital role in the adaptation of grapevines (<i>Vitis vinifera</i> L.) to environmental stresses, thereby significantly influencing agricultural productivity and sustainability. In this study, 36 <i>HDZip</i> genes were identified unevenly distributed across 15 grapevine chromosomes with the the latest genome annotation PN40024 v5.1. Phylogenetic analysis classified these genes into four subfamilies (I–IV), revealing subfamily-specific variations in physicochemical properties, motif composition, and promoter cis-element profiles. Transcriptional profiling under PEG-simulated drought (15% PEG6000) and salt (200&#xa0;mM NaCl) stress conditions demonstrated distinct responses with most genes showing varying degrees of expression changes, particularly <i>HDZip I</i> subfamily genes, which actively respond to drought stress, while others exhibit dynamic regulation under salt stress. Temporal expression patterns indicated dynamic regulatory roles, with most genes responding to transient or prolonged stress, highlighting their potential functional divergence in abiotic stress adaptation. Through a comprehensive analysis of the <i>HDZip</i> gene family in grapevine (<i>Vitis vinifera</i> L.) and the differential responses of its family members under abiotic stresses, a deeper understanding of the grapevine <i>HDZip</i> family has been achieved, which provides genetic resources for grapevine stress-resistance breeding.</p>

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Genomic characterization and stress-responsive divergence of HDZip gene family in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月5日

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  • Xue Li,
  • Wen’e Zhang,
  • Yuan Ma,
  • Xuemiao Wang,
  • Jialin Yang,
  • Dongdong Yu,
  • Ruipu Wang,
  • Xuejun Pan

摘要

The homeodomain-leucine zipper (HDZip) transcription factors, which are unique to plants, play a vital role in the adaptation of grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) to environmental stresses, thereby significantly influencing agricultural productivity and sustainability. In this study, 36 HDZip genes were identified unevenly distributed across 15 grapevine chromosomes with the the latest genome annotation PN40024 v5.1. Phylogenetic analysis classified these genes into four subfamilies (I–IV), revealing subfamily-specific variations in physicochemical properties, motif composition, and promoter cis-element profiles. Transcriptional profiling under PEG-simulated drought (15% PEG6000) and salt (200 mM NaCl) stress conditions demonstrated distinct responses with most genes showing varying degrees of expression changes, particularly HDZip I subfamily genes, which actively respond to drought stress, while others exhibit dynamic regulation under salt stress. Temporal expression patterns indicated dynamic regulatory roles, with most genes responding to transient or prolonged stress, highlighting their potential functional divergence in abiotic stress adaptation. Through a comprehensive analysis of the HDZip gene family in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) and the differential responses of its family members under abiotic stresses, a deeper understanding of the grapevine HDZip family has been achieved, which provides genetic resources for grapevine stress-resistance breeding.