<p>Wild genetic resources for tetraploid (<i>Triticum turgidum</i> L.) and hexaploid (<i>T. aestivum</i> L.) wheats include diploid and tetraploid taxa from the tall wheatgrass morphological complex, which, along with the wheats, are in the Triticeae grass tribe. These wild taxa are caespitose perennials with a littoral circum-Mediterranean distribution and they present several traits increasingly useful for wheat improvement in response to challenges precipitated by climate change. The active taxonomic history of the Triticeae has provided these taxa with a rich synonymy, but in general, they have been lumped, and thus camouflaged, under a single binomial along with two other tall wheatgrass taxa (an octoploid and a decaploid). The diploid and tetraploid taxa are extremely underrepresented or completely missing in germplasm collections. Global concern for security of crop wild relatives has generated efforts at gap analyses for conservation purposes, but issues with underlying distribution data for these taxa have excluded them from lists of threatened species. Their native habitats of saline marshes are being increasingly impacted by development and conversion. For the goal of securing these species in nature with access to their genetic diversity for wheat improvement, the optimum strategy is a combination of documenting the present distribution of these taxa in nature, determining whether they occur in currently protected areas of salt-marsh habitat, and sampling for ex situ conservation. It is in the interest of several national, regional, and international wheat improvement programs and crop wild relative conservation projects that these wheat genetic resources be recognized and conserved appropriately.</p>