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<p>In the present study 149 diverse <i>Capsicum annuum</i> L. genotypes were evaluated for 22 different morpho-physiological and biochemical traits for high temperature tolerance across two consecutive summer seasons under open-field conditions. Both individual and pooled season analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant genotypic variances for all traits, indicating substantial genetic variation within the diversity panel. Genotype × Environment interactions were significant for traits such as number of primary branches (NPB), leaf length (LL), average fruit width (AFW), average fruit weight (AF Wt), hundred seed weight (HSW), canopy temperature (CT), canopy temperature depression (CTD), pollen viability (PV), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), and catalase activity (CAT), suggesting differential responses of genotypes to environmental conditions. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA indicated an enormous amount of variability for all traits. Wilcoxon statistic comparisons revealed significant mean differences between seasons for all traits except leaf width (LW), PV, Pn, malondialdehyde level (MDA), and CAT. Additionally, most of the studied morpho-physiological and biochemical traits presented high heritability and genetic advance as a percentage of the mean, genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), suggesting that additive gene impact predominates; henceforth, selection would be effective for their improvement. We also found significant positive correlations between fruit yield per plant (FYP) with PV, number of fruits per plant (NFPP), AF Wt, CTD, average fruit length (AFL), AFW, number of seeds per fruit (NSPF), Pn, stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), intercellular CO<sub>2</sub> concentration (Ci), CCI, and antioxidant enzymes (SOD&#xa0;[superoxide dismutase activity] and CAT). Besides, principal component (PC)&#xa0;analysis revealed that the first seven PCs explained 81.62% of the total variation, and the Multi-trait Genotype-Ideotype Distance Index (MGIDI) selected 22 promising pepper genotypes for heat tolerance breeding. Notably, eight of them had high PC scores. Therefore, these identified genotypes can serve as most valuable genetic resources to develop heat-tolerant pepper cultivars.</p>

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Interrelationships of morpho-physiological, biochemical traits, and multivariate analysis in a diverse pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) panel under high temperature conditions using a multi-trait mixed model

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月28日

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  • M. Yogananda,
  • Vinod Kumar Sharma,
  • Arpita Srivastava,
  • Thippeswamy Danakumara,
  • Navinder Saini,
  • Priti Upadhyay,
  • T. S. Aruna,
  • Sudhir Kumar,
  • Mir Asif Iquebal,
  • Bhupinder Singh,
  • Manisha Mangal

摘要

In the present study 149 diverse Capsicum annuum L. genotypes were evaluated for 22 different morpho-physiological and biochemical traits for high temperature tolerance across two consecutive summer seasons under open-field conditions. Both individual and pooled season analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant genotypic variances for all traits, indicating substantial genetic variation within the diversity panel. Genotype × Environment interactions were significant for traits such as number of primary branches (NPB), leaf length (LL), average fruit width (AFW), average fruit weight (AF Wt), hundred seed weight (HSW), canopy temperature (CT), canopy temperature depression (CTD), pollen viability (PV), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), and catalase activity (CAT), suggesting differential responses of genotypes to environmental conditions. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA indicated an enormous amount of variability for all traits. Wilcoxon statistic comparisons revealed significant mean differences between seasons for all traits except leaf width (LW), PV, Pn, malondialdehyde level (MDA), and CAT. Additionally, most of the studied morpho-physiological and biochemical traits presented high heritability and genetic advance as a percentage of the mean, genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), suggesting that additive gene impact predominates; henceforth, selection would be effective for their improvement. We also found significant positive correlations between fruit yield per plant (FYP) with PV, number of fruits per plant (NFPP), AF Wt, CTD, average fruit length (AFL), AFW, number of seeds per fruit (NSPF), Pn, stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), CCI, and antioxidant enzymes (SOD [superoxide dismutase activity] and CAT). Besides, principal component (PC) analysis revealed that the first seven PCs explained 81.62% of the total variation, and the Multi-trait Genotype-Ideotype Distance Index (MGIDI) selected 22 promising pepper genotypes for heat tolerance breeding. Notably, eight of them had high PC scores. Therefore, these identified genotypes can serve as most valuable genetic resources to develop heat-tolerant pepper cultivars.