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<p>The increasing challenges of climate change, biotic and abiotic stresses and the need for sustainable agricultural practices have emphasised the importance of genetic resources in rice breeding. <i>Oryza rufipogon</i>, the wild progenitor of cultivated rice, harbours a wealth of genetic diversity that can be harnessed for stress resilience, floral trait improvement, and yield gains. This review explores the key traits of <i>O. rufipogon</i>, including its adaptability to adverse environments, resistance to major biotic stress such as brown plant hopper, blast, bacterial leaf blight, root knot nematode, abiotic stress such as salinity, drought, heat, cold, low temperature germinability, aluminium tolerance and hybrid vigour exploitation through enhanced floral traits. Advances in genomics, marker-assisted selection, and introgression breeding have facilitated the infusion of <i>O. rufipogon</i> genes in to modern elite rice cultivars. The exploitation of wild rice germplasm through modern breeding tools offers a promising strategy for developing climate-resilient and high-yielding rice cultivars. However, challenges such as linkage drag and reduced agronomic performance in wild-derived lines need to be addressed through precise breeding techniques. Future research should focus on unlocking novel genes and improving breeding efficiency to harness the complete potential of <i>O. rufipogon</i> for a sustainable rice production system.</p>

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Unraveling the genetic potential of wild rice (Oryza rufipogon) for sustainable food security

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月4日

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  • Himaswetha Rajan,
  • K. N. Ganesan,
  • S. Manonmani,
  • C. Gopalakrishnan,
  • G. Senthilkumar,
  • R. Suresh

摘要

The increasing challenges of climate change, biotic and abiotic stresses and the need for sustainable agricultural practices have emphasised the importance of genetic resources in rice breeding. Oryza rufipogon, the wild progenitor of cultivated rice, harbours a wealth of genetic diversity that can be harnessed for stress resilience, floral trait improvement, and yield gains. This review explores the key traits of O. rufipogon, including its adaptability to adverse environments, resistance to major biotic stress such as brown plant hopper, blast, bacterial leaf blight, root knot nematode, abiotic stress such as salinity, drought, heat, cold, low temperature germinability, aluminium tolerance and hybrid vigour exploitation through enhanced floral traits. Advances in genomics, marker-assisted selection, and introgression breeding have facilitated the infusion of O. rufipogon genes in to modern elite rice cultivars. The exploitation of wild rice germplasm through modern breeding tools offers a promising strategy for developing climate-resilient and high-yielding rice cultivars. However, challenges such as linkage drag and reduced agronomic performance in wild-derived lines need to be addressed through precise breeding techniques. Future research should focus on unlocking novel genes and improving breeding efficiency to harness the complete potential of O. rufipogon for a sustainable rice production system.