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<p><i>Phyllanthus emblica</i> L., commonly known as Indian gooseberry or Amla, is a widely recognized species for its numerous medicinal and therapeutic properties. Despite such significances, research on its genetic structure remains limited. This study aims to characterize both commercial and wild gooseberry genotypes by examining their physico-chemical and molecular characteristics. To assess genetic variability and population structure, the expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeats (EST-SSRs) were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database and subsequently analyzed. Notable variations were identified in the physico-chemical traits, including fruit size and weight, color, total soluble solids, acidity, ascorbic acid, and total phenolic content among the examined gooseberry genotypes. The genotypes were categorized into two major clusters using Ward’s method, with one cluster comprising wild genotypes and the other consisting of all commercial cultivars. Out of 102 EST-SSRs, 46 primers showed polymorphism and were employed in the diversity analysis, revealing an allele count ranging from 2 to 26, with an average of 11.28 alleles per locus. Several parameters, including polymorphic information content (PIC), effective multiplex ratio (EMR), marker index (MI), and resolving power (RP), exhibited ranges of 0.24–0.94, 0.50–25.00, 0.12–23.50, and 1.45–18.09, respectively. The average values for expected heterozygosity (He) and observed heterozygosity (Ho) were found to be 0.64 and 0.74. A dendrogram analysis categorized the gooseberry genotypes into two primary clusters, with a similarity coefficient of 0.43. Furthermore, a population structure analysis indicated the presence of admixture from four distinct genetic pools. This study establishes the foundation for assessing the genetic structure of <i>P. emblica</i> through the identified polymorphic SSRs. The significant genetic diversity revealed in this research represents a crucial advancement in understanding the potential of both wild and commercial gooseberries, thereby&#xa0;facilitating the identification of superior genotypes that could greatly enhance future breeding and improvement initiatives.</p>

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Germplasm characterization of commercial and wild gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica L.) through physico-chemical and molecular attributes: useful insights for genetic resource management

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月5日

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  • Megha Sharma,
  • Rajnish Sharma,
  • Ashwini Zadokar,
  • Anamika Thakur,
  • Parul Sharma,
  • Suresh Kumar

摘要

Phyllanthus emblica L., commonly known as Indian gooseberry or Amla, is a widely recognized species for its numerous medicinal and therapeutic properties. Despite such significances, research on its genetic structure remains limited. This study aims to characterize both commercial and wild gooseberry genotypes by examining their physico-chemical and molecular characteristics. To assess genetic variability and population structure, the expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeats (EST-SSRs) were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database and subsequently analyzed. Notable variations were identified in the physico-chemical traits, including fruit size and weight, color, total soluble solids, acidity, ascorbic acid, and total phenolic content among the examined gooseberry genotypes. The genotypes were categorized into two major clusters using Ward’s method, with one cluster comprising wild genotypes and the other consisting of all commercial cultivars. Out of 102 EST-SSRs, 46 primers showed polymorphism and were employed in the diversity analysis, revealing an allele count ranging from 2 to 26, with an average of 11.28 alleles per locus. Several parameters, including polymorphic information content (PIC), effective multiplex ratio (EMR), marker index (MI), and resolving power (RP), exhibited ranges of 0.24–0.94, 0.50–25.00, 0.12–23.50, and 1.45–18.09, respectively. The average values for expected heterozygosity (He) and observed heterozygosity (Ho) were found to be 0.64 and 0.74. A dendrogram analysis categorized the gooseberry genotypes into two primary clusters, with a similarity coefficient of 0.43. Furthermore, a population structure analysis indicated the presence of admixture from four distinct genetic pools. This study establishes the foundation for assessing the genetic structure of P. emblica through the identified polymorphic SSRs. The significant genetic diversity revealed in this research represents a crucial advancement in understanding the potential of both wild and commercial gooseberries, thereby facilitating the identification of superior genotypes that could greatly enhance future breeding and improvement initiatives.