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<p>The winged bean is also termed ‘green gold’ and ‘wonder legume’ as it has high protein, oil, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamin content and can be grown in marginal and neglected areas. However, lack of germplasm characterization and the judicious utilization of genotypes in breeding programs significantly hamper the goal of winged bean improvement. Forty-one winged bean genotypes (38 germplasm accesions&#xa0;along with three cultivars) were evaluated during three consecutive years (2020–2022) using agro-morphological and molecular markers to assess the genetic diversity and population structure <i>vis a-vis-</i>to identify the best-performing and stable genotypes. The highest diversity was observed for plant biomass at flowering, leaflet size and seed color (0.81). Based on grouping, cluster VI and IV showed promise for crossing to develop multipurpose, high-yielding genotypes with higher protein content in both seeds and tubers. Genetic diversity assessment using simple sequence repeat markers produced 53 alleles, varying from two to seven, with an average of 2.41 alleles per locus. The polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.04 to 0.51, with an average of 0.15. Based on simple sequence repeat (SSR) genotyping, the winged bean genotypes from all seven locations were grouped into three major clusters, with Nei’s genetic distance ranging from 0.14 to 0.98. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that 75.59% of the total variation was due to among individuals within populations, while 19.95% and 4.46% were due to within individuals and among population respectively. We found significant differences between Chhattisgarh’s genotypes and all other groups, including Maharashtra. Stability analysis based on multi-trait stability index (MTSI) and multi-trait genotype-ideotype distance index&#xa0;(MGIDI) revealed that MZWB-L1, MZWB-L2, MZWB-L3, and RMDWB-1 demonstrated stability and higher mean performances across most traits and were found to be diverse based on SSR markers. MZWB-L1 and MZWB-L2 were identified as the best genotypes with pod length, pod weight, pod and seed yield. The promising lines can be utilized as parental lines <i>vis –a-vis</i> released cultivars in order to enhance the coverage and nutrition of resource-poor farmers of Asian and African countries.</p>

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Revealing genetic diversity, population structure and stability in underutilized wonder legume winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.) genotypes of North Eastern Himalayan region

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月7日

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  • Jeetendra Kumar Soni,
  • Amit Kumar,
  • Jayanta Bora,
  • Simardeep Kaur,
  • B. Lalramhlimi,
  • Lungmuana Singson,
  • S. Doley,
  • V. K. Mishra

摘要

The winged bean is also termed ‘green gold’ and ‘wonder legume’ as it has high protein, oil, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamin content and can be grown in marginal and neglected areas. However, lack of germplasm characterization and the judicious utilization of genotypes in breeding programs significantly hamper the goal of winged bean improvement. Forty-one winged bean genotypes (38 germplasm accesions along with three cultivars) were evaluated during three consecutive years (2020–2022) using agro-morphological and molecular markers to assess the genetic diversity and population structure vis a-vis-to identify the best-performing and stable genotypes. The highest diversity was observed for plant biomass at flowering, leaflet size and seed color (0.81). Based on grouping, cluster VI and IV showed promise for crossing to develop multipurpose, high-yielding genotypes with higher protein content in both seeds and tubers. Genetic diversity assessment using simple sequence repeat markers produced 53 alleles, varying from two to seven, with an average of 2.41 alleles per locus. The polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.04 to 0.51, with an average of 0.15. Based on simple sequence repeat (SSR) genotyping, the winged bean genotypes from all seven locations were grouped into three major clusters, with Nei’s genetic distance ranging from 0.14 to 0.98. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that 75.59% of the total variation was due to among individuals within populations, while 19.95% and 4.46% were due to within individuals and among population respectively. We found significant differences between Chhattisgarh’s genotypes and all other groups, including Maharashtra. Stability analysis based on multi-trait stability index (MTSI) and multi-trait genotype-ideotype distance index (MGIDI) revealed that MZWB-L1, MZWB-L2, MZWB-L3, and RMDWB-1 demonstrated stability and higher mean performances across most traits and were found to be diverse based on SSR markers. MZWB-L1 and MZWB-L2 were identified as the best genotypes with pod length, pod weight, pod and seed yield. The promising lines can be utilized as parental lines vis –a-vis released cultivars in order to enhance the coverage and nutrition of resource-poor farmers of Asian and African countries.