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<p>Genome-wide examinations of genetic diversity are valuable for assessing within-species diversity, genotype identification, assisting in selection for breeding programs, restoring old cultivars and local landraces, and managing germplasm collections. <i>Cucurbita maxima</i> is an economically important cucurbit crop, but its genetic diversity is inadequately understood. This study investigated the genetic diversity of the Polish genebank germplasm collection of 175 accessions of <i>C. maxima</i>, most of which originated from Eastern Europe. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified via DArTSeq technology, and 9,242 high-quality SNPs were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of this collection. The similarities of the accessions were identified, and the population structure was resolved. Two major clusters of accessions were revealed: the first consisted of cultivars and accessions representing six horticultural groups, and the second consisted of the majority of accessions collected from Eastern Europe, including Polish traditional cultivars, ‘Bambino’ and ‘Melonowa Żółta’. A core collection of 68 accessions representing 99% of the genetic diversity in this collection was defined. This study enhances our understanding of <i>C. maxima</i> genetic diversity, which mainly captures the genetic diversity of the Eastern European gene pool, provides valuable insights for maintaining this genebank collection, and helps plant breeders select germplasm for breeding programs.</p>

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Genetic diversity of Cucurbita maxima accessions representing the Eastern European gene pool

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月17日

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  • Karolina Kaźmińska,
  • Monika Mokrzycka,
  • Renata Słomnicka,
  • Aleksandra Korzeniewska,
  • Grzegorz Bartoszewski

摘要

Genome-wide examinations of genetic diversity are valuable for assessing within-species diversity, genotype identification, assisting in selection for breeding programs, restoring old cultivars and local landraces, and managing germplasm collections. Cucurbita maxima is an economically important cucurbit crop, but its genetic diversity is inadequately understood. This study investigated the genetic diversity of the Polish genebank germplasm collection of 175 accessions of C. maxima, most of which originated from Eastern Europe. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified via DArTSeq technology, and 9,242 high-quality SNPs were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of this collection. The similarities of the accessions were identified, and the population structure was resolved. Two major clusters of accessions were revealed: the first consisted of cultivars and accessions representing six horticultural groups, and the second consisted of the majority of accessions collected from Eastern Europe, including Polish traditional cultivars, ‘Bambino’ and ‘Melonowa Żółta’. A core collection of 68 accessions representing 99% of the genetic diversity in this collection was defined. This study enhances our understanding of C. maxima genetic diversity, which mainly captures the genetic diversity of the Eastern European gene pool, provides valuable insights for maintaining this genebank collection, and helps plant breeders select germplasm for breeding programs.