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<p>This study investigates the morphological variability of <i>Pterocarpus erinaceus</i> Poir. across three climate zones in Burkina Faso, West Africa. A total of 90 trees were analyzed using 10 morphological traits, and the data were evaluated using univariate and multivariate statistical methods. The key findings of the study are as follows: trees in the Sudanian zone exhibited significantly larger morphological characteristics compared to other zones. In the Sudanian zone, the average basal diameter was 42.45 ± 3.03&#xa0;cm, crown diameter was 6.01 ± 0.23&#xa0;m, and total height reached 12.13 ± 0.47&#xa0;m, which is likely linked to the higher annual rainfall in the zone (exceeding 1000&#xa0;mm) than in the other climate regions. In contrast, individuals in the Sahelian zone displayed adaptations to arid conditions. Trees in this zone had longer average fruit lengths (4.24 ± 0.43&#xa0;cm) compared to those in the Sudanian zone but showed lower fruit weights (0.29 ± 18 g). Overall, high coefficients of variation were observed for traits such as basal diameter (CV = 40%), diameter at breast height (CV = 34%), and seed weight (CV = 90%), there by indicating significant phenotypic plasticity and the species’ potential to adapt to environmental variation. Clustering analysis identified three distinct morphological groups. This study highlights the potential resilience and adaptive capacity of <i>P. erinaceus</i> to environmental changes and provides valuable insights for its conservation and domestication. Genotypes from the Sudanian regions, in particular, are recommended for reforestation and sustainable management projects.</p>

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Morphological variability of Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir. along a climate gradient in Burkina Faso, West Africa: implications for conservation and domestication

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月1日

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  • Boukaré Konda,
  • Kangbéni Dimobe,
  • Kolawolé Valère Salako,
  • Jean Baptiste Dembélé,
  • Issiaka Joseph Boussim

摘要

This study investigates the morphological variability of Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir. across three climate zones in Burkina Faso, West Africa. A total of 90 trees were analyzed using 10 morphological traits, and the data were evaluated using univariate and multivariate statistical methods. The key findings of the study are as follows: trees in the Sudanian zone exhibited significantly larger morphological characteristics compared to other zones. In the Sudanian zone, the average basal diameter was 42.45 ± 3.03 cm, crown diameter was 6.01 ± 0.23 m, and total height reached 12.13 ± 0.47 m, which is likely linked to the higher annual rainfall in the zone (exceeding 1000 mm) than in the other climate regions. In contrast, individuals in the Sahelian zone displayed adaptations to arid conditions. Trees in this zone had longer average fruit lengths (4.24 ± 0.43 cm) compared to those in the Sudanian zone but showed lower fruit weights (0.29 ± 18 g). Overall, high coefficients of variation were observed for traits such as basal diameter (CV = 40%), diameter at breast height (CV = 34%), and seed weight (CV = 90%), there by indicating significant phenotypic plasticity and the species’ potential to adapt to environmental variation. Clustering analysis identified three distinct morphological groups. This study highlights the potential resilience and adaptive capacity of P. erinaceus to environmental changes and provides valuable insights for its conservation and domestication. Genotypes from the Sudanian regions, in particular, are recommended for reforestation and sustainable management projects.