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<p>Although soybeans (<i>Glycine max</i> [L.] Merr.) originated in China and have spread worldwide, artificial selection for different breeding targets in various regions and enabling them to adapt to different environments can alter the genetic makeup of soybeans. The introduction and utilization of foreign germplasm is an effective way to expand the genetic basis of cultivars, but there are few reports in the differences in genetic diversity of soybean germplasm between China and Europe. To better compare the genetic diversity between Chinese and European germplasms, we selected soybean germplasm from northeastern China due to its comparable latitude with Europe. A total of 797 European cultivars, 804 Chinese elite cultivars and landraces, and 54 Chinese wild types were genotyped using the ZDX1 array. Selective sweep analysis was then employed to assess genetic diversity of the Chinese and European collections. An analysis of 158,315 SNPs demonstrated a higher genetic diversity in Chinese wild soybeans and cultivars than that of European. Moreover, population structure results indicated that European cultivars possess partial Chinese ancestry. The joint analysis of pi, F<sub>ST</sub> and XP-CLR identified 140 selected regions between Chinese and European germplasms in total. Specifically, the Chinese collection had 124 regions distributed across 15 chromosomes, among which 41 previously reported quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were primarily associated with grain&#xa0;yield, flowering and maturity, and seed quality. In contrast, the European collection had 16 regions spread over 10 chromosomes, with 7 QTLs predominantly linked to yield, flowering time, and seed quality. The previously reported QTLs within these selected regions highlight the significant differences in breeding targets across regions. The result in this study provides a scientific basis for both Chinese and European breeders to exchange and utilize these germplasm resources.</p>

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A comparison of Chinese soybean collection with European soybean collections on genetic diversity by genome-wide scan

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月8日

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  • Jiangyuan Xu,
  • Xindong Yao,
  • Yuqing Lu,
  • Rittler Leopold,
  • Yongzhe Gu,
  • Ming Yuan,
  • Yong Zhang,
  • Rujian Sun,
  • Yongguo Xue,
  • Yeli Liu,
  • Dezhi Han,
  • Jinxing Wang,
  • Huawei Gao,
  • Zhangxiong Liu,
  • Lijuan Qiu

摘要

Although soybeans (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) originated in China and have spread worldwide, artificial selection for different breeding targets in various regions and enabling them to adapt to different environments can alter the genetic makeup of soybeans. The introduction and utilization of foreign germplasm is an effective way to expand the genetic basis of cultivars, but there are few reports in the differences in genetic diversity of soybean germplasm between China and Europe. To better compare the genetic diversity between Chinese and European germplasms, we selected soybean germplasm from northeastern China due to its comparable latitude with Europe. A total of 797 European cultivars, 804 Chinese elite cultivars and landraces, and 54 Chinese wild types were genotyped using the ZDX1 array. Selective sweep analysis was then employed to assess genetic diversity of the Chinese and European collections. An analysis of 158,315 SNPs demonstrated a higher genetic diversity in Chinese wild soybeans and cultivars than that of European. Moreover, population structure results indicated that European cultivars possess partial Chinese ancestry. The joint analysis of pi, FST and XP-CLR identified 140 selected regions between Chinese and European germplasms in total. Specifically, the Chinese collection had 124 regions distributed across 15 chromosomes, among which 41 previously reported quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were primarily associated with grain yield, flowering and maturity, and seed quality. In contrast, the European collection had 16 regions spread over 10 chromosomes, with 7 QTLs predominantly linked to yield, flowering time, and seed quality. The previously reported QTLs within these selected regions highlight the significant differences in breeding targets across regions. The result in this study provides a scientific basis for both Chinese and European breeders to exchange and utilize these germplasm resources.