<p>Drought poses a significant threat to the socioeconomic stability of Afghanistan particularly affecting the central region, including Bamyan province. Communities in Bamyan province face severe challenges, including poverty, water scarcity, conflict over water resources, migration and displacement due to water shortages, decline in agricultural production, and rising food prices. Additionally, there is limited awareness at the local level regarding drought hazards, their causes, effects, and mitigation strategies. This study examined key factors contributing to drought, their social and economic impacts, and the challenges associated with drought management in the region. A quantitative approach was employed, utilizing structured surveys for data collection through random sampling techniques. Data were analyzed to assess the socioeconomic impacts of drought and their associations. The findings revealed 85% of the community was aware of drought hazards, while the awareness of the associated social and economic impacts was at 60% and 55%, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed a significant (<i>P&#xa0;</i> &lt; 0.05) relation of social and economic impacts of drought with age, education level, and income. However, no significant correlation was found with gender, family size, and marital status. A positive correlation was observed between awareness and both social and economic impacts, whereas a weak negative correlation existed between social and economic impacts. This study provides essential insights for drought management practices and disaster management authorities, highlighting the need to revise existing policies. It underscores the urgency of targeted mitigation and adaptation strategies, strengthened disaster management frameworks, and community-based interventions to reduce socioeconomic vulnerabilities, while also calling for further research on the social and economic impacts to form more effective policies.</p>