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<p>Human-centered urban planning emphasizes parks as vital public health assets in fast-paced cities. The Gaussian-based two-step floating catchment area (G2SFCA) method is widely used to evaluate park accessibility, typically at community and neighbour levels. This study aims to enhance the G2SFCA approach to assess park accessibility in Wuhan at a building scale, incorporating park area, network quantity penalized by distance (NQPD), two-phase betweenness (TPBt), and an integrated indicator under walking and cycling modes. It further evaluates district-level park equity using Lorenz curves and Gini coefficients based on park accessibility and facilities. Results reveal stark disparities: central districts outperform suburbs in accessibility (building coverage: walking 3.97% vs. 1.84%; cycling 19.83% vs. 12.58%; people coverage: walking 2.37% vs. 0.66%; cycling 11.18% vs. 3.28%). Only 5.81% of buildings and 3.02% of the population have walking access, versus 32.41% and 14.46% via cycling. Gini coefficients confirm greater inequity in walking accessibility compared to cycling (area: 0.888 vs. 0.496; NQPD: 0.548 vs. 0.358; TPBt: 0.579 vs. 0.327; integrated: 0.558 vs. 0.437). Park facilities follow a distinct pattern, with cycling generally showing higher inequity than walking across districts (e.g., NQPD: 0.468 cycling vs. 0.435 walking; TPBt: 0.422 vs. 0.367; integrated indicator: 0.487 vs. 0.477), except for park area, where the Gini coefficient was equal for both (0.384). Overall, inequity severity follows: walking accessibility &gt; cycling facilities &gt; walking facilities &gt; cycling accessibility, highlighting a spatial mismatch where pedestrian catchments face the most acute gaps. The findings underscore the need for prioritized interventions in suburban park expansion and pedestrian infrastructure improvements to achieve 15-min city objectives.</p>

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Evaluating the accessibility and equity of urban parks in Wuhan, China, using an integrated G2SFCA method

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月4日

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  • Jinghan Xie,
  • Zhongyong Xiao,
  • Xiaofeng Lin

摘要

Human-centered urban planning emphasizes parks as vital public health assets in fast-paced cities. The Gaussian-based two-step floating catchment area (G2SFCA) method is widely used to evaluate park accessibility, typically at community and neighbour levels. This study aims to enhance the G2SFCA approach to assess park accessibility in Wuhan at a building scale, incorporating park area, network quantity penalized by distance (NQPD), two-phase betweenness (TPBt), and an integrated indicator under walking and cycling modes. It further evaluates district-level park equity using Lorenz curves and Gini coefficients based on park accessibility and facilities. Results reveal stark disparities: central districts outperform suburbs in accessibility (building coverage: walking 3.97% vs. 1.84%; cycling 19.83% vs. 12.58%; people coverage: walking 2.37% vs. 0.66%; cycling 11.18% vs. 3.28%). Only 5.81% of buildings and 3.02% of the population have walking access, versus 32.41% and 14.46% via cycling. Gini coefficients confirm greater inequity in walking accessibility compared to cycling (area: 0.888 vs. 0.496; NQPD: 0.548 vs. 0.358; TPBt: 0.579 vs. 0.327; integrated: 0.558 vs. 0.437). Park facilities follow a distinct pattern, with cycling generally showing higher inequity than walking across districts (e.g., NQPD: 0.468 cycling vs. 0.435 walking; TPBt: 0.422 vs. 0.367; integrated indicator: 0.487 vs. 0.477), except for park area, where the Gini coefficient was equal for both (0.384). Overall, inequity severity follows: walking accessibility > cycling facilities > walking facilities > cycling accessibility, highlighting a spatial mismatch where pedestrian catchments face the most acute gaps. The findings underscore the need for prioritized interventions in suburban park expansion and pedestrian infrastructure improvements to achieve 15-min city objectives.