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<p>Pipe-roof preconstruction tunnels are increasingly used in shallow urban underground construction because they can effectively control ground settlement and groundwater inflow. Although their static performance has been studied extensively, the seismic behavior of steel plate-concrete composite configurations remains insufficiently understood. This study develops a refined three-dimensional finite element model based on the Taiyuan PPT project and performs nonlinear time-history analyses considering soil-structure interaction to investigate damage evolution and sectional response under seismic loading. Results show that seismic excitation induces a mixed tensile-compressive failure pattern, characterized by tensile cracking at the crown and compressive concentration near the arch-foot, accompanied by global racking deformation and local steel–concrete separation. Under the adopted Kocaeli record and within the investigated parameter ranges, increasing seismic intensity mainly amplifies deformation and sectional stress, while the principal failure regions remain stable. Oblique incidence enhances horizontal racking and stress asymmetry. Burial depth and soil parameters mainly affect the response magnitude, with the soil elastic modulus showing the highest sensitivity among the parameters considered.</p>

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Seismic Response and Failure Mechanisms of Tunnels Constructed Using the Pipe Roof Preconstruction Method

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • Bo-Ning Xu,
  • Xuan-Yi Zhang,
  • Masanori Fujita,
  • Yan-Gang Zhao

摘要

Pipe-roof preconstruction tunnels are increasingly used in shallow urban underground construction because they can effectively control ground settlement and groundwater inflow. Although their static performance has been studied extensively, the seismic behavior of steel plate-concrete composite configurations remains insufficiently understood. This study develops a refined three-dimensional finite element model based on the Taiyuan PPT project and performs nonlinear time-history analyses considering soil-structure interaction to investigate damage evolution and sectional response under seismic loading. Results show that seismic excitation induces a mixed tensile-compressive failure pattern, characterized by tensile cracking at the crown and compressive concentration near the arch-foot, accompanied by global racking deformation and local steel–concrete separation. Under the adopted Kocaeli record and within the investigated parameter ranges, increasing seismic intensity mainly amplifies deformation and sectional stress, while the principal failure regions remain stable. Oblique incidence enhances horizontal racking and stress asymmetry. Burial depth and soil parameters mainly affect the response magnitude, with the soil elastic modulus showing the highest sensitivity among the parameters considered.