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<p>Grouting reinforcement is widely used to stabilize loose ground in underground engineering. Laboratory grouting model tests and uniaxial and triaxial compression tests were conducted on pebble soil from the Kuitun River Diversion Project to investigate the effects of grouting pressure on structural evolution and mechanical behavior. As the grouting pressure increased from 0.3 to 0.6 and 0.9&#xa0;MPa, the projected area proportion of the grout-enriched zone increased from 31.30 to 52.79% and 67.81%, whereas that of the undisturbed zone decreased from 38.31 to 18.51% and 1.51%. The 28 d uniaxial compressive strength increased from 10.30 to 26.32 and 27.71&#xa0;MPa. Grouting and confining pressures increased peak stress and stiffness, although the marginal strengthening effect of grouting pressure diminished at higher levels. A compaction–damage nonlinear constitutive model was established for the pre-peak ascending branch, and an extended Drucker–Prager-type peak failure criterion was derived from the triaxial peak data. The proposed model reproduced the nonlinear pre-peak stress–strain response, and the failure criterion characterized the peak failure state under different grouting and confining pressures. These results provide a basis for understanding and evaluating the mechanical behavior of grouting-reinforced pebble soil.</p>

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Mechanical Behavior and Nonlinear Constitutive Modeling of Grouting-Reinforced Pebble Soil

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月20日

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  • Zhiwen Jia,
  • Dongwei Li,
  • Tao Chen,
  • Zecheng Wang,
  • Zhenhua Wang

摘要

Grouting reinforcement is widely used to stabilize loose ground in underground engineering. Laboratory grouting model tests and uniaxial and triaxial compression tests were conducted on pebble soil from the Kuitun River Diversion Project to investigate the effects of grouting pressure on structural evolution and mechanical behavior. As the grouting pressure increased from 0.3 to 0.6 and 0.9 MPa, the projected area proportion of the grout-enriched zone increased from 31.30 to 52.79% and 67.81%, whereas that of the undisturbed zone decreased from 38.31 to 18.51% and 1.51%. The 28 d uniaxial compressive strength increased from 10.30 to 26.32 and 27.71 MPa. Grouting and confining pressures increased peak stress and stiffness, although the marginal strengthening effect of grouting pressure diminished at higher levels. A compaction–damage nonlinear constitutive model was established for the pre-peak ascending branch, and an extended Drucker–Prager-type peak failure criterion was derived from the triaxial peak data. The proposed model reproduced the nonlinear pre-peak stress–strain response, and the failure criterion characterized the peak failure state under different grouting and confining pressures. These results provide a basis for understanding and evaluating the mechanical behavior of grouting-reinforced pebble soil.