Stability Appraisal of Road Cut Slopes Along NH-109 Using Multiple Rock Mass Classification Systems
摘要
The vulnerability of Himalayan region to slope failures is due to its complex geology, jointed rock mass and active tectonics. Various empirical methods such as Slope Mass Rating (SMR) and Q-Slope are widely used for stability assessment. This study assesses the stability of engineered rock slopes along a 12 km long section of National Highway-109 (NH-109) in Uttarakhand, India. Rock mass quality was ascertained using some well-commended empirical methods like basic Rock Mass Rating (RMRbasic), Q-Slope, SMR and its few subsequent extensions, including Continuous Slope Mass Rating (CoSMR) and Chinese Slope Mass Rating (ChSMR). These techniques were applied and correlations were derived among different methods. The present geotechnical investigation of twelve vulnerable slopes revealed that RMRbasic values range from fair to good (49–66). Q-Slope values classified all slopes as unstable. SMR and its extensions categorized 58% of studied slopes as unstable and 42% of them as partially stable. Kinematic analysis identified wedge failure as the most prevalent mode, followed by planar and toppling failure. Regression analysis showed moderate to moderately strong correlations between Q-Slope and SMR (R2 = 0.6); Q-Slope and CoSMR (R2 = 0.8). The CoSMR vs Q-Slope stability chart defines coupled stability fields and its classifications were strongly validated by comparing them against field observations of both failed and unfailed slopes. This integrative approach of stability charts constructed from the integrated stability domains of CoSMR and Q-Slope offer a more profound comprehensive understanding of the prevailing stability conditions along the investigated stretch of NH-109.