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<p>Vibratory probe compaction (VPC) is effective for improving liquefiable ground, but the induced vibrations may pose risks to nearby structures. Design-stage assessment is often hindered by the lack of reliable attenuation models that can be applied without prior field vibration measurements. This study develops a semi-empirical framework to predict the attenuation of peak vertical particle velocity (PPV<sub>v</sub>) using multi-site field data. The vibration source is represented as a near-surface point source with an equivalent single-layer soil parameterization. The average vibratory power transmitted from the probe tip is quantified using equipment specifications, construction parameters, and fundamental soil properties, and is then coupled to a hybrid attenuation function accounting for both body- and surface-wave propagation. Two parameters—the surface response per unit power input and an effective attenuation coefficient lumping damping, scattering, and interface losses—are calibrated through regression analysis. Validation at an independent site shows high accuracy for conventional VPC (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.987) and good agreement for pneumatic systems (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.908). The results clarify the fundamental propagation characteristics of VPC-induced ground vibrations in liquefiable soils and provide a predictive framework for design-stage assessment and control of vibration impacts.</p>

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Prediction of Ground Vibrations Induced by Vibratory Probe Compaction in Liquefiable Soils Using a Semi-Empirical Approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月12日

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  • Zhongxun Zhuang,
  • Guangyin Du,
  • Songyu Liu,
  • Kun Yang,
  • Changhui Gao

摘要

Vibratory probe compaction (VPC) is effective for improving liquefiable ground, but the induced vibrations may pose risks to nearby structures. Design-stage assessment is often hindered by the lack of reliable attenuation models that can be applied without prior field vibration measurements. This study develops a semi-empirical framework to predict the attenuation of peak vertical particle velocity (PPVv) using multi-site field data. The vibration source is represented as a near-surface point source with an equivalent single-layer soil parameterization. The average vibratory power transmitted from the probe tip is quantified using equipment specifications, construction parameters, and fundamental soil properties, and is then coupled to a hybrid attenuation function accounting for both body- and surface-wave propagation. Two parameters—the surface response per unit power input and an effective attenuation coefficient lumping damping, scattering, and interface losses—are calibrated through regression analysis. Validation at an independent site shows high accuracy for conventional VPC (R2 = 0.987) and good agreement for pneumatic systems (R2 = 0.908). The results clarify the fundamental propagation characteristics of VPC-induced ground vibrations in liquefiable soils and provide a predictive framework for design-stage assessment and control of vibration impacts.