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<p>This study addresses the research gap in applying negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) structures to pile foundations by proposing a novel steel tubular pile with a rounded concave hexagonal auxetic cross-section and developing an analytical framework for rapid flexural rigidity quantification. Through parametric regression of finite-element-derived cross-sectional data, closed-form equations for moments of inertia with relative errors below 2% are established. Key analytical findings include: (i) For end-bearing piles with equivalent cross-sectional areas, NPR configurations achieve 35.95–42.36% higher z-axis flexural rigidity than conventional circular/square piles, demonstrating omnidirectional superiority when lateral loads deviate &gt; 35.46° from the z-axis; (ii) As friction piles with identical perimeters, NPR designs outperform square piles in z-axis stiffness for 88.72% of parameter combinations; (iii) In wall applications, staggered NPR pile arrangements can reduce steel consumption by 40.2–51.5% relative to parallel configurations, while providing up to 2.61% and 17.30% higher flexural rigidity than square and circular walls, respectively, under equivalent material usage, excavation volume, and land footprint. The analytical trends are corroborated through small-scale model tests, confirming the flexural resistance advantage of NPR configurations. This work provides a validated analytical tool for NPR pile design in flexural-demanding geotechnical applications.</p>

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Flexural Behavior of Auxetic Steel Tubular Piles in Comparison with Conventional Pile Systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月13日

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  • Yifei Sun,
  • Linggan Zhang

摘要

This study addresses the research gap in applying negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) structures to pile foundations by proposing a novel steel tubular pile with a rounded concave hexagonal auxetic cross-section and developing an analytical framework for rapid flexural rigidity quantification. Through parametric regression of finite-element-derived cross-sectional data, closed-form equations for moments of inertia with relative errors below 2% are established. Key analytical findings include: (i) For end-bearing piles with equivalent cross-sectional areas, NPR configurations achieve 35.95–42.36% higher z-axis flexural rigidity than conventional circular/square piles, demonstrating omnidirectional superiority when lateral loads deviate > 35.46° from the z-axis; (ii) As friction piles with identical perimeters, NPR designs outperform square piles in z-axis stiffness for 88.72% of parameter combinations; (iii) In wall applications, staggered NPR pile arrangements can reduce steel consumption by 40.2–51.5% relative to parallel configurations, while providing up to 2.61% and 17.30% higher flexural rigidity than square and circular walls, respectively, under equivalent material usage, excavation volume, and land footprint. The analytical trends are corroborated through small-scale model tests, confirming the flexural resistance advantage of NPR configurations. This work provides a validated analytical tool for NPR pile design in flexural-demanding geotechnical applications.