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<p>This study investigates ground response to phased microtunneling beneath Beijing’s G105 highway via six shallow tunnels of varying dimensions constructed using horizontal directional drilling (HDD) and pipe-jacking techniques. Field monitoring was conducted throughout each excavation phase, and a new analytical method was developed to predict surface and subsurface settlement resulting from sequential tunneling activities. The method’s accuracy was evaluated by numerical simulations and comparison with existing results in the literature, which were informed by project-specific geotechnical data. Results reveal that ground settlement stabilizes progressively after each tunnel is completed, with the highest settlement occurring above the microtunnel centerlines for a single tunnel. In phased excavations, interactions with previously constructed tunnels can shift the peak settlement slightly, while larger tunnel diameters and greater separation distances mitigate cumulative settlement effects. The influence of previously constructed tunnels diminishes with increasing separation distance and tunnel diameter, shifting settlement control to the most recently excavated tunnel. Additionally, minor ground upheaval was observed at points farther from the tunnel edges, attributed to stratum squeezing from cumulative construction activities, though alternative causes cannot be ruled out. Sensitivity analyses on tunnel overburden depth and spacing highlight their influence on settlement patterns, providing practical guidance for design and construction. The proposed analytical model closely aligns with field measurements, overestimating settlement by only 0.36 to 1.15 mm, offering a reliable, case-specific tool for predicting and mitigating ground deformation in urban tunneling projects.</p>

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Ground Response to Phased Excavations Using Pipe-Jacking and Horizontal Directional Drilling: A Case Study Beneath Beijing’s G105 Highway

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月31日

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  • Providence Habumuremyi,
  • Hao Guo,
  • Penghao Jiang,
  • Mengyan Kong,
  • Jiayue Chen,
  • Ming Huang,
  • Yunxiang Zhou

摘要

This study investigates ground response to phased microtunneling beneath Beijing’s G105 highway via six shallow tunnels of varying dimensions constructed using horizontal directional drilling (HDD) and pipe-jacking techniques. Field monitoring was conducted throughout each excavation phase, and a new analytical method was developed to predict surface and subsurface settlement resulting from sequential tunneling activities. The method’s accuracy was evaluated by numerical simulations and comparison with existing results in the literature, which were informed by project-specific geotechnical data. Results reveal that ground settlement stabilizes progressively after each tunnel is completed, with the highest settlement occurring above the microtunnel centerlines for a single tunnel. In phased excavations, interactions with previously constructed tunnels can shift the peak settlement slightly, while larger tunnel diameters and greater separation distances mitigate cumulative settlement effects. The influence of previously constructed tunnels diminishes with increasing separation distance and tunnel diameter, shifting settlement control to the most recently excavated tunnel. Additionally, minor ground upheaval was observed at points farther from the tunnel edges, attributed to stratum squeezing from cumulative construction activities, though alternative causes cannot be ruled out. Sensitivity analyses on tunnel overburden depth and spacing highlight their influence on settlement patterns, providing practical guidance for design and construction. The proposed analytical model closely aligns with field measurements, overestimating settlement by only 0.36 to 1.15 mm, offering a reliable, case-specific tool for predicting and mitigating ground deformation in urban tunneling projects.